The Great Commission, Part 3
Sermons on Matthew
Matthew 28, as we continue to look at the Great Commission, the way Matthew's gospel ends with a declaration of the universal authority and sovereignty of Jesus Christ, and then He defines for His apostles and church what is to be done until He returns again in glory. But I do want to begin reading in Matthew 28 at verse 1. Now after the Sabbath, as the first day of the week began to dawn, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary came to see the tomb. And behold, there was a great earthquake, for an angel of the Lord descended from heaven and came and rolled back the stone from the door and sat on it. His countenance was like lightning and his clothing as white as snow. And the guards shook for fear of him and became like dead men. The angel answered and said to the women, do not be afraid for I know that you seek Jesus who was crucified. He is not here for he is risen as he said. Come, see the place where the Lord lay and go quickly and tell his disciples that he has risen from the dead and indeed he is going before you into Galilee. There you will see him. Behold, I have told you. So they went out quickly from the tomb with fear and great joy and ran to bring his disciples word. And as they went to tell his disciples, behold, Jesus met them, saying, Rejoice. So they came and held him by the feet and worshiped him. Then Jesus said to them, Do not be afraid. Go and tell my brethren to go to Galilee, and there they will see me. Now while they were going, behold, some of the guard came into the city and reported to the chief priests all the things that had happened. When they had assembled with the elders and consulted together, they gave a large sum of money to the soldiers saying, tell them his disciples came at night and stole him away while we slept. And if this comes to the governor's ears, we will appease him and make you secure. So they took the money and did as they were instructed. And this saying is commonly reported among the Jews until this day. Then the 11 disciples went away into Galilee to the mountain which Jesus had appointed for them. When they saw him, they worshiped him, but some doubted. And Jesus came and spoke to them saying, all authority has been given to me in heaven and on earth. Go, therefore, and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you. And lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age. Amen. Well, let us pray. Our Father, we thank You for the written Word, we thank You for the incarnate Word, even our Lord Jesus Christ, and for His life, His death, His resurrection. How we praise You for what the angel reports in this chapter, that He rose as He said, the tomb was empty, and the women were able to investigate it for themselves, and the disciples respond in worship. Certainly, this is the one whom you sent into the world, sinners to save. How we thank you for our Lord Jesus Christ and the salvation we have in Him, and how we pray that others would come to know Him as Lord and Savior. We pray that your Holy Spirit would be with us now, that He would guide us and lead us and help us as we look to your truth. We pray that He would convict sinners and show them their own place before a holy God, and show them their need, their absolute need for redemption, through the Lord Jesus Christ. We pray now that you would fill us with the Spirit, forgive us for our sins and our transgressions, and cleanse us in that precious fountain that is open for sin and uncleanness. And we pray these things now through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. Well, we have, as I said, been spending some time here on the Great Commission, not only because I don't want Matthew's gospel to end, but also because it is so instructive concerning the mission or the focus of the church. And as we'll notice this morning, it's also instructive concerning who our God is. Now, just to kind of rehearse for you where we've been. We have seen their meeting in Galilee in verses 16 and 17, and then we have seen thus far up to, or in the Great Commission, up to verse 19. The Lord Jesus Christ declares His absolute authority. He has universal sovereignty. He makes that very clear. All authority has been given to me in heaven and on earth. Now that means every bit of authority that exists. There's nothing outside the scope of Christ's reign, His rule, His government, His crown. But as we saw in the last hour, Christ has this absolute authority, but His peculiar focus is upon His church. And that's a blessed thought. It's an encouraging thing. and hopefully it produces in us a great deal of comfort. So he has this authority. He now delegates it to his disciples. He tells them to go, or when they engage in this particular act, they are to go, they are to make disciples. How do we make disciples? We preach the gospel to them. We declare the great truths of who Jesus Christ is. I think there's a lot of misunderstanding here. We hear that word gospel sort of thrown around so much that in some senses it needs to be defined, it needs to be highlighted. Gospel is not my good feelings. Gospel is certainly not my good life or yours. Gospel is the story, the facts, the narratives concerning Christ, His life, His death, His resurrection. That's good news. That's gospel. The way by which we come into contact with God through the Lord Jesus is faith. In other words, how do the benefits that Christ brings in the gospel come to sinners. It comes by grace through faith. In other words, believe on the Lord Jesus Christ. If you want to be right with God today, if you were to die and you were to stand before God and you would have to give an account for your life, the only way to be right is to be in Christ. The only way to be prepared to meet your God is to be in Jesus. And the only way to be in Jesus is to believe, to look to Him. As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so must the Son of Man be lifted up. Now that first part refers to an instance in the life of Israel when God was angry with the people and He sent these snakes to bite people. And these people would have died unless there was a remedy provided. So God tells Moses to make a bronze serpent and to lift it up in the wilderness. And then the people that are bitten by the snakes are simply told to look at that bronze serpent and you will live. They didn't debate, they didn't ask a whole host of questions, they didn't say, well, am I worthy to look? They simply looked because therein was the remedy. And Jesus uses that in likeness to his own ministry or his own mission. As the serpent was lifted up in the wilderness, so also must the Son of Man be lifted up. What's the remedy for life? To look. Look and live, believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and you shall be saved. So this is what disciple making is all about. And then Jesus says, after you make disciples of all the nations, a nod to the Abrahamic covenant, the Abrahamic promise, that in Abraham's seed all the nations of the earth would be blessed. From those out of the nations that are made disciples, you baptize these disciples. You put them into water. They identify with the triune God, which we're going to focus on this morning. And after they are baptized, they're in the life and the context of the local church, and then you teach them so that they grow, so that they mature, so that they understand the things, not only that they sing when we sing our hymns, but what they read when they read their scriptures. So this morning, I want to focus at the end of verse 19, the significance of the name into which believers are baptized. Notice verse 19, go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them, the disciples that have been made, in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Now, there's a lot of gods that people worship. I'm not suggesting that they're true, but I am suggesting that a lot of people in different religions have a different conception of God, and so there's no shortage of gods. And I think in some of those different religions, those gods that they worship are kind of just like supermen. They're just better versions of man. And unfortunately, I think sometimes as Christians, this gets co-opted. We sort of view God as just a better version of us, a superior being. But God's not like us. God is God. God is creator. We are creature. God is the God that Hezekiah describes when he prays in 2 Kings chapter 19. He says, O Lord God of Israel, the one who dwells between the cherubim, you are God, you alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth. You have made heaven and earth he summarizes or ends rather his prayer by saying now therefore Oh Lord our God I pray save us from his hand that All the kingdoms of the earth may know that you are the Lord God you alone. I Now within the Christian faith or Christianity, the God whom we serve is infinite, eternal, and unchangeable. Our confession describes God the way the Bible sets him forth. He is without body. It means God is spirit, according to our Lord Jesus in John 4. God is without parts, and that simply means that God isn't made up of a bunch of other things to produce God. God's in a class by himself, and he is without body, he is without parts, and he is without passions. That means God doesn't fluctuate. He's not happy one day and angry the next day. He doesn't have these emotional outbursts that so often characterize we, the creature. He's without body, without parts, without passions. He is incomparable. He is all alone in terms of God. And yet that one God expresses to us in the scripture that he eternally exists in three persons. This is what we call the Trinity. In fact, we sang about the Trinity in Hymn 89. And my desire is that the people of God understand this doctrine of the Trinity. Perhaps not the way that Calvin or Gil or those brothers were able to explain it, but we need to know something of what Scripture says concerning this one God who eternally exists as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. And if you're new to Christianity and you're learning about Christianity, you need to learn about the God whom we serve. He's not just a better version of man, but He is one true, everlasting God who has always existed as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. So that is a longer introduction than I'm accustomed to. Let's look at our text. At the end of verse 19, the Lord Christ says, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Now that preposition, in the name of. When we read it that way in, it seems to suggest that this is a baptismal formula. In other words, every time you baptize someone, you baptize them with this language. I baptize you in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. When you get to the book of Acts, however, you'll find that they didn't always use that formula. They were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. What are we supposed to make of that? I think the primary emphasis here in Matthew 28, 19 is that you're baptized into the name of. Again, it's not wrong to use this as a formula, an early church manual of doctrine and practice, and probably dated around A.D. 120, called the Didache, uses this formula, but then later speaks of baptizing in the name of the Lord. It's proper to use the formula, and that's okay. But what we find primarily in view with verse 19 is they're baptized into the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. It shows identification with. It shows belonging to. It shows subjection unto. As Davies and Allison say, into the name probably means either in order that they may belong to, this is what Greek usage leads us to expect, or in order that they may enter into a relationship with. In other words, when we baptized Chloe last week, We did use the formula. I said I baptize you in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. But what does that baptism represent or identify? Certainly many excellent things for the subject of baptism. It represents to them the fact that they have died and been buried and been raised with Christ. It represents to them the fact that they are now in living, vital union and communion with the Lord Jesus. It represents to them the fact that they have received the remission of the forgiveness of sins. But it also points to the fact that they are now owned property. They now belong to another. You are baptized into the name of the Christian God. You are no longer your own. You are subject to His authority. You are subject to His rule. You are subject to His lordship. You belong to Him, and as a result, there are certain expectations as the children of God. You're not saved by works, you're not saved by performance, you're saved solely and alone by grace through faith. But when we are saved by grace through faith, what ultimately results? Holiness of life, obedience to the Master, the service of Christ, the taking of His yoke upon us according to Matthew chapter 11, going where He bids us. singing and meaning all the way my Savior leads, I will happily comply and I will happily follow. Those who are baptized into the name of the triune God are subject to that triune God. Those who are baptized into the name of this God are now owned by this God and they need to follow this God. Now let's look at this Threefold name. Notice, go therefore, make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name singular of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. It's kind of an intriguing way to say that, in the name, singular, one name and then three persons. Now, I don't want to load too much on this particular text, but at the same time, I don't want to neglect it. There is one name, God, three persons, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Those enemies of truth that say the Trinity is not taught in the Bible haven't got a clue. The Trinity is most certainly taught in the Bible. Some of the times they say, well, the word Trinity is not in the Bible. The early church and good theologians have always recognized that sometimes we need to use words that aren't in the Bible to protect the truths that are in the Bible. Some of the earliest debates concerned words, usage of which, that weren't necessarily in the Bible, but the words were employed to protect the true doctrines of the Bible. The idea that there is no Trinity in the Bible is an absolute lie and it's false. We see this singular name, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. This indicates what our confession of faith declares. Now, some of this language may not be common terminology that you use every day. And the temptation might be to say, well, I don't go to Saturday Morning Theology, and I don't read Berkhoff, and I don't read The Fathers, and I don't read, you know, the blogs that deal with this, so I'm just going to tune out for the next half hour. Please don't do that. You ever consider the fact that you just sang praises to the triune God? You should really make it your duty to learn something of the triune God to whom you're praising. We need to understand some of this stuff, because again, when we do not, there is the tendency to fall into error. Here's what our confession says, and I'll draw out some sort of implications. It says, in this divine and infinite being, So here we might say the name. The name represents or sort of highlights or indicates this one infinite or divine or this divine and infinite being. The confession goes on to say there are three subsistences. Now there's the word that everybody's going to go, I don't know that word. The Westminster Confession here uses the word persons. We've got one divine infinite being, one essence or substance, and then three subsistences or persons. This is how the Trinity is not a contradiction. A contradiction is it's the case that something is three and it's not three. The Trinity, God is one in one sense and three in another sense. He is one according to his essence or substance, and he is three according to his subsistence or his persons. You see? It would be a contradiction if we said God is one essence or substance, and he's three essences or substances. You get that, right? He can't be three of one thing and one of the same thing without a contradiction. But the doctrine of the Trinity does not maintain that. He is one essence or substance. Those words often are used interchangeably. And he is three persons or subsistences. Let's go back to the confession. In this divine and infinite being, there are three subsistences, the Father, the Word, or Son, and the Holy Spirit, of one substance, power, and eternity, each having the whole divine essence, yet the essence undivided. Now, they are distinguished among themselves by several peculiar relative properties and personal relations. So this passage reflects that. The one name of the three persons, the one infinite and divine being that is three persons, into the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. John Gill says, hence a confirmation of the doctrine of the Trinity. There are three persons but one name, but one God, into which believers are baptized. You see that, right? I'm not making this up, everybody's with me. I want everybody to follow this because it's absolutely crucial and because a lot of errors are made right here, both in the early church and in the modern church. In fact, some of those errors were consistent in the early church and they're still persistent today. The heresy of tritheism, which teaches three gods. that there are three gods. The Christian doctrine of the Trinity, according to tritheism, is that the Father is God, the Son is God, the Spirit is God, three gods. That's not what the Trinity maintains, the doctrine of the Trinity. What you have in tritheism is that there are three different essences that are all God. Of course you have competitors, of course you have threeness in that way. Then there's what's called the heresy of modalism. Again, this isn't just back then with Sibelius and some of the other fathers. This is right now in the Oneness Pentecostal Church. Right now, this idea of modalism, it's a denial of the three personal subsistences. It's a denial. It says that God was Father, became Son, and now is the Holy Spirit. Again, brethren, that is a way to try and explain what Scripture presents, but it's a way that's very wrong. It argues that the one divine essence or person manifests itself in three modes or roles. He was the Father, he became the Son, and now he's the Holy Spirit. This whole idea of oneness in Jesus' name only. Well, for them, Jesus means God. Again, Jesus does mean God, but we need to distinguish and we need to explain how that is the case. And then there's what's called the heresy of subordinationism. Claims that the divine essence is marked by a gradation of degree or rank. In other words, there is this one divine essence, but the persons within this one divine essence are gradated by rank. The father, and then the son is subordinate, and then the spirit is subordinate. Subordinationism. All those things have plagued the church from the earliest times, and they plague the church today. So it is important that I say that you look at our confession of faith that does correctly set forth the doctrine of the Trinity. Now, with reference to our text, Go therefore, make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Turn back to Matthew 3. Matthew chapter 3. All three persons are present at the baptism of Jesus. Notice in Matthew 3, beginning in verse 13, then Jesus came from Galilee to Jonathan Jordan to be baptized by him, and John tried to prevent him, saying, I need to be baptized by you, and are you coming to me? But Jesus answered and said to him, Permit it to be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness. Then he allowed him. Now, before we actually get into the three persons of the Trinity that this text so clearly sets forth. I just want to focus on what Jesus says here for just a moment by way of an aside. Notice that Jesus says, "'Permit it to be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.'" Why does Christ say that, or why does Christ do that? Because the message of the gospel that I defined earlier as the message of Christ's life, death, and resurrection requires that his life be one of obedience. You get that? Christ's life on earth was a life of obedience to the Father. Obedience to the Father's law. Obedience perfect, exact, entire, and perpetual. An obedience that the Father demands from us, but we are We're unwilling, we're unable, there is nothing in us that complies with the law of God the way he calls us to. It's not perfect, it's not exact, it's not entire, and it's certainly not perpetual. That is not the way we obey the law of God. This is why Christ came into the world. so that he could fulfill all righteousness, so he could obey the Father, so that he could comply with that written law, so that he always did what the Father gave him, he always obeyed. Why do we need that? Because of our lawlessness, we need His. lawfulness. Because of our sin and perversion, we need His holiness. Because of our unrighteousness, we need His righteousness. In other words, Christ fulfilled all righteousness in His life. He then died as a sacrifice on the cross, as a sacrifice, as a substitute, as one who bore the wrath and penalty of God the Father. He then was raised the third day. Now the Christian gospel goes forth, and sinners are called upon to believe. When sinners believe, by the grace of God, upon this Lord Jesus, they receive benefit. From His death to be sure, our sins are forgiven. His blood atones for us. We are cleansed, we are purified. We now sing, my sin, oh, the bliss of this glorious thought. My sin, not in part, but the whole, is nailed to the cross, and I bear it no more. Praise the Lord, praise the Lord. That is a blessed thing for the people of God, to know the forgiveness of sins. But it's through his fulfillment of all righteousness that we receive this righteousness. So now we stand before God as righteous. In other words, Christ forgives, or the life and the death and the resurrection of Christ brings forgiveness, but it also brings a righteousness that we need. God hasn't suspended that. God doesn't say, okay, your sins are forgiven you now, but go ahead and not provide a righteousness. The gospel provides the righteousness that God demands, and that's the blessing of this statement when Jesus says, it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness. He always went about doing good. He never violated the law. Think about the Ten Commandments for a moment. I mean, how many of you have been broken by the time you got here today? I love the way we're so proud. Well, you know, I'm a good person. Are you really? Like, you woke up this morning and your mind went right to God and loved to him? This is the demands of the Shema. The Lord our God, the Lord is one. You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, soul, mind, and strength. If you thought coffee before God, you failed. If you thought bathroom before God, you failed. You get the point. We are proud and arrogant and think that we're good. We're not good. We're terrible. We're monstrous. The Bible can't say enough bad about us. I'm sorry if you're going to go home and pout and whine and cry and say, he really made me unhappy today. Maybe you need a good dose of unhappiness to see your condition before a holy God so you'll see your need for the Lord Jesus Christ. You see, brethren, we break the law. We sin against God. We defile everything He says is good and holy. Not only in acts of commission we transgress, but in the things that He tells us to do that we don't do. Sins of omission. And if any of you ever think you're doing well, go to Exodus 20, go to Deuteronomy 5, and read through the Decalogue, read through the Ten Commandments, and ask yourself, is this true of me? God says, have no other gods before me. You say, well, I don't worship Baal, I don't worship Moloch, I don't worship the almighty dollar. You probably worship yourself. You say, well, I don't blaspheme. I was taught when I was a youngin' that you don't use the name of God or Jesus as a blasphemous word. Our conduct can bring blasphemy and shame to the name of God. Sabbath, we all wake up on Sunday morning eager, ready to go to the house of the Lord and spend our day in thoughts and meditations and words and contemplations focused upon our great God who is Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Yeah, we do that until about 10 minutes after we're out of bed, and then it's, I wonder who won the game, I wonder what we're having for lunch, I wonder what I'm gonna do tomorrow at my business meeting, and boy, is this sermon ever gonna end. The fifth commandment. What does God say with reference to children? Go ahead and conduct yourselves like beasts. Whine, grumble, complain, cry, and scream for everything you want at Walmart. Embarrass your parents, make other people want to take discipline to you. You just do that. You just be free. Express yourselves. No. Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. Honor your father and your mother. Again. How often do you engage in that perpetually, exactly, entirely, and personally? The sixth commandment. You say, well, I never murder. I haven't, you know, actually killed anybody. You've murdered in the heart. You've been angry without cause. You've called your brother fool, a rocker, empty head, knucklehead, brainless, fool, whatever. Seventh commandment. I mean, you know, most of us would probably say, why don't we just skip that one? We can't skip that one. What does Jesus say? As long as you haven't actually engaged in the physical touch with another human being, everything's okay. No, if you look upon a woman, I will infer, or a man, to lust, you have broken the commandment in your heart. The eighth commandment, oh, I never steal. Do you go to work and give your employer the eight hours he's paying for? Your thoughts are completely devoted and dedicated to him. Ninth commandment, don't bear false witness. Again, another one that we might want to conveniently just bypass. And then the tenth commandment, who of us hasn't coveted? Really, are you with me? We need a righteousness, brethren, that avails with God. And the fact that Jesus fulfills all righteousness, when the sinner, by the grace of God, looks unto the Lord Jesus Christ, he is justified. And justification is an act of God's free grace, wherein he pardons all of our sins and accepts us as righteous in his sight, only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us and received by faith alone. It's beautiful. the glorious doctrine of justification by faith alone. Back to the text, notice in verse 16, when he had been baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water and behold, the heavens were open to him and he saw the spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting upon him. And suddenly a voice came from heaven saying, this is my beloved son in whom I am well pleased. Turretin says, hence the saying of the ancients, Arian, go to Jordan and there you will see the Trinity. You see, all three persons are here. All three persons are present. We go back to Matthew chapter 28. This isn't some new thing. This isn't some revolutionary concept or thought. What is, however, is the fact that Jesus identifies himself with the Father and the Spirit. Revolutionary or or you know outside the the realm of what the bible taught us to expect In terms of the messiah to come in the old testament, but imagine for this first audience How did they know jesus? They knew jesus is a wonderful man. They knew jesus is a wonderful teacher They saw jesus engage in miracles and and excellent things. They saw him feed multitudes. They saw him heal the blind They saw him heal the deaf and the mute he saw they saw them. I saw jesus actually still the waves and the winds. But they had also seen him brutally beaten. They had also seen him hung on a cross. They had heard the religious leaders mocking him. They had seen him die. And now behold, he has been raised. Behold, he has absolute sovereign authority over all things. And he says, baptize these newly made disciples in the name singular of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Again, back to John Gill. He says, and this is a proof of the true deity of both the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and that Christ as the Son of God is God, since baptism is administered equally in the name of all three, as a religious ordinance, a part of divine instituted worship, which would never be in the name of a creature. You see, you can't link yourself with God as creature. Christ is not creature. Christ is the second person of the Trinity who took on creature. He took on man. He took on humanity. He identifies with us such that he takes all of the essential properties and the common infirmities of man. But he is God. He never stopped being God. The Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we beheld His glory, glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth. It's a wonderful thing, brethren, when you appreciate what Jesus does in history, and then you look behind it to what Jesus is in eternity. And He is God, baptizing in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Now, this joins several other passages in the New Testament that show us this one God and three persons. We see the one godness in Deuteronomy 6. Here, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one. You see it in 1 Corinthians chapter 8. New Testament authors, Old Testament authors never posited the existence of several gods. Now, the Old Testament, to mock the heathen or the pagan. New Testament does that as well. Certainly men think that their belly is God. Certainly men think their pile of loot is God. Certainly men think that their prestige or their power or their ability is God. That doesn't mean it is. So the authors of the scripture at times use that convention to mock them. In fact, Psalm 115, the idols of the nations. They have eyes, but they can't see. They have ears, but they can't hear. They got mouths, but they can't speak. They've got, you know, noses, but they can't smell. I mean, you get the point, right? You ever read Psalm 115 and said, okay, we get it. He's piling on invective to attack the idea that there are these competitor gods. And then he says, all those who worship them become like them, or those who make them become like them. Idolatry has an effect. You become that which you worship. So the Bible tells us there is one God. The Bible tells us that the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit are God. Notice the specific texts that deal with the three. Go to 1 Corinthians chapter 12. Again, very important. If you walk down Yale Avenue on a Saturday morning, you're going to see people out there that are representative of the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society. And they're going to tell you that the Trinity is not in the Bible. Jesus isn't God. You're going to probably bump into that sort of thing in your life. You're going to meet people at the water cooler at work, and they're going to say, well, you know, I don't believe Jesus is God. Well, there you go. That must settle it, right? That's how people say it. Well, I don't believe it. You don't recognize how people take that as fact. What I do or don't believe is definitional, defines what a fact is. No, God's Word does, and God's Word teaches. There is one God who exists eternally as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Just showing you some of these texts that have all three persons. Notice in 1 Corinthians 12, verses 4 to 6. There are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit. There are differences of ministries, but the same Lord. And there are diversities of activities, but it is the same God who works all in all." You see, Lord, Spirit, God. God in context is Father. More often than not in the New Testament, when we read God, it's referring to Father. But strictly speaking, God is Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. But the Scriptures does use or do use the convention God or the name God specifically for Father at times. It uses the name God or Theos for Christ at times as well. When Thomas sees Jesus, what does he say? My Lord and my God. That is the name God or the word God applied specifically to the Lord Jesus Christ. It does this with reference to the Spirit. When Peter is rebuking Ananias and Sapphira, you have not lied to men, but to God. In this lie against the Holy Spirit, what you have done is you've lied against God. For the most part, when we read God, oftentimes in context, it's a reference to Father. Notice 2 Corinthians 13, 14, the benediction, the good word. 2 Corinthians 13, 14, the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the communion of the Holy Spirit be with you all. Amen. Notice in Galatians 4, 4-6, Galatians 4, 4-6, but when the fullness of the time had come, God sent forth His Son, born of a woman, born under the law. to redeem those who are under the law, that we might receive the adoption as sons. And because you are sons, God has sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, Abba, Father." Interestingly enough, this also highlights something of those relative properties and personal relations that the persons of the Trinity bear and possess. The Father is unbegotten. The Son is begotten. The Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son. What is true of God in Himself is oftentimes fleshed out in the economy of redemption. The Father sends the Son. The Father sends the Spirit. The Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son, reflecting to us something of what is true of God in Himself. It's a beautiful and a glorious thing. And then notice in Ephesians 4, If he said, well, he skipped Ephesians 1, you're right. We don't have worlds of time. God is eternal, and we are not. And I always remember that, and I try not to keep you here past a certain time. But Ephesians 1 is certainly Trinitarian, or God the Father is blessed, why? Because He chose us in Christ before the foundation of the world. God the Father is blessed, why? Because in His Son Christ, we have redemption through His blood. God the Father is blessed, why? Because of the power and the presence of the Holy Spirit, who is the seal and the guarantee of our final inheritance. The Father, the Son, and the Spirit are all those that we praise with reference to salvation from the one God. But notice in Ephesians 4, specifically verses 4 to 6, there is one body and one spirit, just as you were called in one hope of your calling, one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God and Father of all, who is above all and through all and in you all. Again, when you meet those people on Yale and say, well, there's no Trinity in the Bible, you're going to say, wait a minute, I just read the Trinity in the Bible. But the word's not used. The concept is present. The particular word doesn't have to be in the Bible for the truth to be there. This is just how foolish it has become. Well, the word Trinity's not in there, so I'm not gonna believe it. But the Trinity's in there, you should believe it. But the word's not there, I'm not gonna believe it. I pulled a concordance down one day, I opened it up to the T's, I popped it open and there was no Trinity, so therefore I'm not gonna believe it. Again, brethren, we use words outside of the Bible to protect the truths inside the Bible. If we don't do that, we're going to be heretics. If we don't do that, we are going to be damned. Now, when it comes to Christian doctrine, there are things that Christians and churches disagree about. Not all those things we disagree about will send us to hell. The Trinity does. We need to be right when it comes to the Trinity. We need to be right on who Jesus Christ is. We need to be right on the way of salvation. Now, we differ on baptism, and this text is one particular instance of that. In fact, last week, I think I made some comments that were anti-pedo-baptist in nature, but you know what? Pedo-baptists, saved by grace, through faith in Jesus Christ, are dear brothers and sisters in the Lord. Praise God Almighty for that. And a whole host of paedobaptists wrote a whole host of great books that are in my shelves right now, and I have no intention of throwing them out on Wednesday when the garbage man comes. We can disagree about some things, but we can't disagree about who God is. We can't disagree about who Christ is. We can't agree with the witnesses that say that the Holy Spirit is active force. No, you can grieve Him. You can lie to Him. He speaks. He equips people with gifts. How in the world is that active force? He is the third person of the Blessed Trinity. God blessed forever. We can have no truck with those who deny the triune God. We preach gospel to them. We urge them to believe what scripture says. We try to declare to them the glorious truth of the Trinity. But in terms of being brothers and sisters, they're worshiping an idol. They might as well bow to Baal. They might as well bow to Molech. They might as well give themselves to their money, or to their sex, or to their drugs, or to their rock and roll, or whatever it is they're worshiping. Brethren, the God of the Bible is one God. Three persons, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. That's it. That's why this is important. Kids, you're probably going, man, a lot of this language is going over my head. But you know what? You need to hear this language. You need to be tutored in it. You need to be catechized in it. You need to outthink your parents. Because at the present, this doctrine is under a great deal of attack. And more often than not, the doctrine is attacked through the person of Jesus. This idea that Jesus is eternally subordinate to the Father is an attack upon the doctrine of the Trinity. This is getting commonplace today in evangelicalism. Names that everybody thinks are great theologians are teaching the eternal subordination of the Son to the Father. That is wrong. Jesus willingly submits himself to the Father in the economy of salvation. Jesus willingly submits himself to the Father when he takes on our flesh, when he comes down for us men and for our salvation, he willingly submits himself to the Father. But that's in the economy of salvation and redemption. That doesn't speak to the relationships that are there between the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. And when we do that, when we argue from the economy back into, you know, what's called the eminent trinity or the ontological trinity, we're going to error. This is what Mark the Arbiter debates with reference to impassibility. We may not like the thought of a God who doesn't have passions, but we ought to praise the fact that God doesn't have passions, because He is most loving. He can't increase and He can't decrease. He is most good. That means he can't get more good or less good. Impassibility highlights the godness of God. The way that the Persians messed that up is to say, well, Jesus bled, Jesus wept, Jesus had hair, therefore it must be true of God. We don't argue from the economy back to the imminent trinity. There are rules that the church has always recognized, but now it's anybody's game. Now we're going to do whatever we want. It's like the time listed for us in the book of Judges. There was no king in Israel, and everyone did what was right in their own eyes. Well, Jesus wept, Jesus bled, Jesus had hair, so therefore God weeps, bleeds, and has hair. You can't do that. Don't do that. You have to make distinctions. You have to understand who God is. You have to understand Father, Son, Spirit, relationships that occur between them or within God, and how God relates to man or to creature. Again, it may sound difficult, it's simply because we have been trained to think this way. We've been taught on the catechism. Are there more gods than one? No, there is but one only, the true and living God. In how many persons does this one God exist? There are three persons in the Godhead, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. These three are one God, the same in substance, equal in power and glory. Praise God Almighty from whom all good doctrine comes. The Westminster Shorter Catechism there is beautiful. You get that, you're going to be doing well. Better get chapter 2 in our Confession of Faith. You're doing very, very well. And before you say, well, that's in the Confession and that's in the Catechism. It's from the Bible. They're compact, succinct, carefully articulated statements of Bible truth. We cannot pit the two against each other. Oh, you guys, hold to that Confession of Faith. And I am thankful to the Lord God Almighty that we do. Because if we don't, we're going to end up Jehovah's Witnesses. If we don't, we're going to end up Mormons. If we don't, we're going to end up Sabellians. If we don't, we're going to end up Oneness Pentecostal. If we don't, we're going to end up Tritheists. If we don't, we're going to end up in a whole host of problems. Look at those confessions and the work of the church. You see, brethren, the creeds and the confessions reflect something that is right here in Matthew 28. Go therefore, make disciples, baptize them, teach them." We expect in the teaching ministry of the church that there will be the articulation of truth, right? Or Ephesians 4, if we were to keep on reading. Christ ascended on high, he led captivity captive, and he gives gifts to men. What are the gifts there? It's not tongues, it's not prophesying, not the gift of helps, not service. The gifts in Ephesians 4 are men. Some prophets, some apostles, some pastors, teachers. Why? So he can equip the church. It's gonna bring maturity to the church. You look at those creeds and confessions, and we say, oh, that's against the Bible. No, it's a fruit of the Bible, because Jesus gave the church these gifts, and these gifts outshined a whole lot of other gifts, and they took pen to paper, and they articulated and crafted good statements to protect the church from abandoning the scripture. You see, we need to be taught these things and not tune out when it's not a sermon on five principles of being a better me, or tune out when it's not something real practical. We've got this disconnect between the practical and the doctrinal. Brethren, if the doctrine of the Trinity doesn't affect you practically, you're not listening. You're not paying attention. You're not understanding that the work and the ministry and the mission of our Lord Jesus Christ has behind it, it's almost difficult to talk this way because it sounds weird, but the work and the ministry and the doing and the dying of the Lord Jesus, it didn't just happen some sunny day that in Israel a man rose up and he thought, I'm gonna do great and noble things. It goes into eternity, who God is, how much that God loves creatures in the sending of his son to save them. See, my thought is, is that you look at the cross and then you look beyond it into who God is. I'm not saying everything true in the economy is necessarily true in terms of the eminent trinity, but it's certainly a window, it's certainly a way to gaze upon and behold our God. You see, we just don't want to do this because we want tips and, you know, helps on how to be a better me. Now, I'm not necessarily, well, I'm always against that. The best way to be a better you is to repent, believe the gospel, and do exactly what Jesus says. That's how you'll be a better you. Always. I hope that you're seeing this. It's not just because, oh, he's been reading stuff on the Trinity. As a result of the ARBCA impassibility debate, it did cause us to read more in this doctrine of God, theology proper. And at least for my own part, it's shown me just how deficient in knowledge I am, but as well how the church is. We are satisfied with just terrible formulations of biblical truth, and we shouldn't be. We're the rich inheritors of the Second London Confession of Faith of 1677 slash 1689, which in their doctrinal statements concerning the theology proper and Christology, guess where they went? Well, we're gonna do some brand new thing, and I'm not talking about Westminster and Savoy. I'm talking about early church. Those brothers in the early church hammered this stuff out. We're going to just co-opt their language. We're going to bring it right into our confession of faith because it's so good. Not for us. We've got to be new. We've got to do something different. We've got to retool it all and reorient it all, and in the process, we lose God. That's the problem involved with this. That's the problem with not hearing sermons on the Trinity, of not attending our studies in the Confession of Faith when we're in chapter 2 and when we're in chapter 8, and when we discuss these things and how it is the case that in this one divine being, There are these three subsistences, and how this is not only not contradictory, but this is precisely what Scripture says, and Matthew 28 is one of those stones upon which we step, baptized into the name singular of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. How else does one describe that or explain that convention than the Trinity is taught in the Bible? Now, there might be the fool out there that says, well, Jesus didn't know how to use the plural term names. I certainly don't want to be that person that goes up against Jesus on a grammar debate. Brethren, this is absolutely, positively, 100% crucial for you to get and for you to assimilate. As well, 2 Thessalonians 2, 13 and 14. And there are many, many more. Again, preachers say that when they don't mean it sometimes, but I actually mean it. We just don't have time. As I said, God's eternal, we're not. You all want to go home and eat your lunch. I get that. I try to respect that. I don't ever try to keep you over. I find that it's just not a good way to live. You might throw tomatoes at my car someday, and I don't want tomatoes thrown at my car. 2 Thessalonians 2, verse 13, we are bound to give thanks to God always for you, brethren, beloved by the Lord, because God chose you from the beginning, from the beginning, I'm sorry, because God from the beginning chose you for salvation through sanctification by the Spirit, and belief in the truth. We've got God, Father, we've got Spirit, for which He called you by our gospel for the obtaining of the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ. You see, it's not one or two passages that set before us this reality of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. The New Testament is explicitly and thoroughly Trinitarian. Paul deals with gifts in a Trinitarian context. Paul deals with salvation, Trinitarian context. Paul deals with everything, Trinitarian context. John greets his readers in Asia Minor in a Trinitarian context. What do you think these authors are suggesting to us by way of their practice? We need to think in terms of a Trinitarian context when we enter into this place. It's not in the first place to encourage one another, though that should help or that should take place. It is to come to the Father through the mediation of the Son, by the power and in the Holy Spirit. If a church does not expressly commit themselves to the God who is triune, In other words, if you can go to a church and it would be a sermon that could have successfully be preached in a Jewish synagogue, that's bad. We are Trinitarians. We are committed to the truth of one God, three persons, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. We are committed to that absolutely positively. was said with our lives. It is with our lives. This is one of the doctrines you die for. When I first came here almost 21 years ago, I thought, I'll die for post-millennialism. Not in a chance, brethren. Not in a million years now. No way. You go ahead and be pre-mill. You go right ahead. You have all those thoughts of pre-mill, and you talk about it, and you enjoy it. We're great. We can live together, and be harmonious together, and worship together, and that's fine. But Trinity, we die for. Who Jesus is, we die for. This is one of those things they put a gun to your head. Do you believe in the Trinity? Yes. Do you believe in post-millennialism? Yes, but don't shoot. Don't kill me. Trinity, we die for. Jesus, we die for. Spirit, we die for. Justification by faith, we die for. Brethren, those are the core doctrines. These are the defining terms of what it means to be Christian. It's not just some attempt at a better life. It's not just some moral reformation. It's not just putting on a suit on Sunday and showing up at a place called church. It's about dirty, vile, helpless, wicked, God-hating sinners finding Him to be a God of grace, mercy, forgiveness, kindness, and love. knowing that grace, understanding that grace, and by that grace, believing in his Son, that Son who is God, that Son who is man, yet not two, but one person, and realizing that he fulfilled all righteousness for sinners like me, that he died on the cross for sinners like me, that he was raised the third day for sinners like me. encapsulated in Romans 4.25. He was delivered up because of our offenses, but he was raised for our justification. These are the defining terms of Christianity in church. This is what makes us who we are. It is this God who is Father, Son, and Spirit. If we don't know this, we don't know Him. If we don't know Him, we are hell-bound. And the only hope of salvation at that point is to look to Christ, to believe on Him, and to say, not in words, I'm not going to give you the formula, I'm wretched, God's holy, Christ is the only way of salvation, and by His grace I believe. I'm going to hold on, and I'm not going to let go. I've shared before, there's an amusement park in California that we liked, up until Cam and I, last time we went, reflected our age. We took the kids, and they're running around, and the park closes at 10, and it's 9, and the kids are running from ride to ride to ride, and Cam and I were sitting on a bench. I remember being a young kid thinking, why would anybody sit on a bench when there's all these great rides? Because they get older, and they don't want to walk anymore, and then they get sick to their stomach with these rides. But that particular park, everybody goes to Disneyland, but this is Six Flags. And they have these roller coasters, and they call them white knucklers. A white knuckler is you're holding on so tight, because you don't want to fall out, that your knuckles are white. It's the doctrine of the Trinity. It's the doctrine of who our Jesus is. It's the doctrine of our salvation. These are white knucklers. We don't give on this. We don't relinquish on this. We're like a dog with a bone when it comes to this. You ain't taking it from us. And brethren, the more you get your minds wrapped around who this God is, the more you study these things with a view to understanding who God is, the more your knuckles are gonna get whiter, and the more your grip is gonna be tenacious, and the more you're gonna be like that dog that no one will ever try to take that bone away from. Brethren, that's the importance and the value of this particular message. In conclusion, two quotes and then we go. First, With reference to our text in Matthew 28, we see the glory of our triune God. The doctrine of the Trinity must be known and believed because that is who God is. It's just that simple. How can we believe in a God we don't know? How can we believe in a God we don't understand? This is something else. People say, wow, it's a contradiction. It's so hard to understand. Have you taken the time to read? You know, it's amazing to me that professing people of God, they think they're going to put their Bible under their pillow at night, put their head on it, and it's just going to sort of seep in as they sleep. I got this zany notion. Pick up a book and read it. Have any of you gone through the Confession of Faith recently and looked at chapter 2 or chapters 8? Are these things vital and important in your life? The psalmist said, great are the works of Yahweh. They are studied by all who delight in them. It's always intrigued me that people will study a whole host of things out there, but the people of God won't ever study their God. I mean, it's an unfortunate thing that the cultists know more about their heretical God than the believers know about their true God. Remember old Hank Hanegraaff used to say that. It wasn't him, it was Walter Martin. I might be Hank, and I'm not here to comment. I know Hank's made some weird changes here lately, but are we willing to do for the truth what the cults do for a lie? My experience, quite honestly, not always. Not always. So I've just got all these other concerns. What greater concern in your life, I know you're important, I know you're a snowflake, I know you're delicate, and I know you're wonderful in the grand scheme of things, but what really is more important in your life than the knowledge of who God is? I mean, isn't that everything? Isn't that what Jesus defines for us? Eternal life? This is eternal life, that they may know Thee, the only true God and Jesus Christ, whom Thou hast sent. I know you're busy, we're all busy, get up earlier, stay up later, pinch your leg so that you don't fall asleep, and read our confession at a bare minimum, chapters 2, chapter 8, those ones that deal with the specifics of who God is, because it's that important. Kelvin says on this text, thus we perceive that God cannot be truly known unless our faith distinctly conceive of the three persons in one essence. Francis Turretin said, for it is not sufficient to know that God is. We certainly need to know that God is, Hebrews 11. Those who come to God must believe that He is and that He is a rewarder of them that diligently seek Him. But listen to Turretin, for it is not sufficient to know that God is as to existence or what He is as to His attributes, but we must know also who He is. See, Turretin's not saying we don't need to know that He is, we don't need to know that He's got attributes or He is attributes, but we also need to know who He is. He goes on to say, but we must know also who He is, as to the persons, as He presents Himself to be known by us in His Word. Hence, whosoever denieth the Son, the same hath not the Father, 1 John 2.23. And he that honoreth not the Son honoreth not the Father which hath sent him, John 5.23. He says, therefore, God has revealed Himself as one in essence, three in persons, viz., the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Now listen to this cutting statement. Again, it applies to pagans and their gods, but it could equally apply to professing Christians who either adopt a tritheistic approach or a modalistic approach or a subordinationistic approach. He says, thus, he who does not acknowledge and believe the Trinity has not the true God, but has erected for himself an idol in the place of God. So why a whole sermon on a little part of Matthew 28, 19? Because of that. Because of that. And brethren, this doctrine of the Trinity is not only necessary in terms of who God is, but for your practical comfort. This is one thing that distinguishes the 1689 from the Westminster and Savoy. It's not in those two. But after the discussion concerning God in himself, God in himself is what we might call internal relations, father, son, spirit, one common undivided essence, three subsistences or persons. After this discussion of who God is in himself, you think they'd end with, okay, now go out and pursue your PhDs in theology. Go out and carry yourself as proud Pharisees that you now know something about the Christian faith that all the other rabble doesn't know. That's not how they end that particular discussion. says, it is the foundation of all our communion with God and comfortable dependence on Him. That's why the doctrine of the Trinity is practically important, because it is the foundation of all our communion with God and comfortable dependence on Him. How do you guys believe that? Because the Bible tells me so, and it's because it is most blessed, most comfortable, and this is where I depend. Well, praise God Almighty for the truth that He reveals to us in Scripture concerning who He is. One God, three persons, Father, Son, Holy Spirit. No contradiction, no insoluble mystery, but a mystery revealed by God to be believed by the people of God for the worship of God and for the comfortable dependence upon Him. Again, if you don't know Jesus here this morning, a lot of this stuff is gonna just go, wow, I can't even understand, you know, a person. You need to know Christ. If you leave learning anything this morning, learn and know this. God is a holy God. Man is a sinful man. And by man, I mean man, woman, boy, and girl, all of us included. We have offended this God. We have raised our fist at this God. We have not done what this God says. And as a result, we deserve punishment. We deserve damnation. We deserve judgment. We deserve hell. But God sent his son that those who believe in him might have everlasting life. So look. Look and live, to use the analogy of the serpent lifted up in the wilderness. Look and live. Well, let us pray. Our Father, we thank you for your word, and we thank you for the statement of our Lord concerning the name singular and the persons plural. Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, give us grace to receive this with thanksgiving. Give us grace, obviously, to believe this, and give us grace, Almighty God, to see how important it is, not only that you are, and not only that you are this particular way, but who you are, who you are in your being. We pray that you would give us the mind of Christ in this pursuit, and give us the grace to delight ourselves in the study of God Almighty. And Lord, we do pray for more and more conversions. We pray for more and more people to be made disciples through the preaching of the gospel. We rejoice to baptize newly redeemed ones. We pray that in this coming year, this tank would be filled on many occasions, and many sinners would be plunged beneath that flood, and it would indeed demonstrate that they have lost all their guilty sins. Go with us now, we pray, in Jesus' holy name, amen. We'll close with a brief time of meditation and then be dismissed.
