The Second Missionary Journey, Part 8
Sermons on Acts
You can turn with me in your Bibles to the book of Acts. We're in Acts chapter 18. Coming to an end of the second missionary journey, Paul, in his final stop, comes to the city of Corinth. So I'll read the chapter, but our focus will be on the first section in chapter 18, verses 1 to 11, but I'll begin at verse 1 and read to the end of the chapter. After these things, Paul departed from Athens and went to Corinth, and he found a certain Jew named Aquila, born in Pontus, who had recently come from Italy with his wife Priscilla, because Claudius had commanded all the Jews to depart from Rome. and he came to them. So because he was of the same trade, he stayed with them and worked, for by occupation they were tent makers. And he reasoned in the synagogue every Sabbath and persuaded both Jews and Greeks. When Silas and Timothy had come from Macedonia, Paul was compelled by the Spirit and testified to the Jews that Jesus is the Christ. But when they opposed him and blasphemed, he shook his garments and said to them, your blood be upon your own heads. I am clean. From now on, I will go to the Gentiles. And he departed from there and entered the house of a certain man named Justice, one who worshiped God, whose house was next door to the synagogue. Then Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believed on the Lord with all his household. And many of the Corinthians, hearing, believed and were baptized. Now the Lord spoke to Paul in the night by a vision. Do not be afraid, but speak, and do not keep silent. For I am with you, and no one will attack you to hurt you. For I have many people in this city. And he continued there a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them. When Galileo was proconsul of Achaia, the Jews with one accord rose up against Paul and brought him to the judgment seat, saying, This fellow persuades men to worship God contrary to the law. And when Paul was about to open his mouth, Galileo said to the Jews, If it were a matter of wrongdoing or wicked crimes, O Jews, there would be reason why I should bear with you. But if it is a question of words and names and your own law, look to it yourselves, for I do not want to be a judge of such matters.' And he drove them from the judgment seat. Then all the Greeks took Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue, and beat him before the judgment seat. But Galileo took no notice of these things. So Paul still remained a good while. Then he took leave of the brethren and sailed for Syria. And Priscilla and Aquila were with him. He had his hair cut off at Santeria, for he had taken a vow. And he came to Ephesus and left them there. But he himself entered the synagogue and reasoned with the Jews. When they asked him to stay a longer time with them, he did not consent, but took leave of them, saying, I must by all means keep this coming feast in Jerusalem, but I will return again to you, God willing. And he sailed from Ephesus. And when he had landed at Caesarea and gone up and greeted the church, he went down to Antioch. After he had spent some time there, he departed and went over the region of Galatia and Phrygia in order, strengthening all the disciples. Now a certain Jew named Apollos, born at Alexandria, an eloquent man and mighty in the scriptures, came to Ephesus. This man had been instructed in the way of the Lord, and being fervent in spirit, he spoke and taught accurately the things of the Lord, though he knew only the baptism of John. So he began to speak boldly in the synagogue. When Aquila and Priscilla heard him, they took him aside and explained to him the way of God more accurately. And when he desired to cross to Achaia, the brethren wrote, exhorting the disciples to receive him. And when he arrived, he greatly helped those who had believed through grace. For he vigorously refuted the Jews publicly, showing from the scriptures that Jesus is the Christ. Amen. Let us pray. Father, thank you for the word of God. Thank you for the book of Acts and the power of the gospel displayed herein. We thank you that you took a band of a few men and sent them out, gave them that commission to go and make disciples of all the nations, to baptize, to teach, and to realize that the Lord would be with them even to the end of the age. We give praise to you that these few men turned the world upside down. We give praise to you for the power of the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ. We give praise to you that you've made us partakers of that. that You have shown us its majesty, its glory, its excellence. You have shown us the person and the work of the Lord Jesus Christ. You have indeed forgiven us of our sins. You have given us a righteousness by which we may stand accepted in Your sight. So God, we pray that even now You would bless this time as we look at this section of Scripture, that You would encourage our hearts, that You would strengthen us. And Father, again, save those who are unsaved and send forth Your Spirit to work in both believer and unbeliever. illuminate our minds and our hearts, and give us the grace to receive, with thankfulness, these words. And we pray through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. Well, as I said, the Apostle is bringing to a conclusion that second missionary journey, and here we find him in Corinth. We're very familiar with Corinth because there are two epistles in the New Testament named after that city, 1 and 2 Corinthians. Well, this is the founding of that particular church by the Apostle. So, as I said, I want to look at the ministry in Corinth in verses 1 to 11 under a couple of heads. his arrival in Corinth in verses 1 to 4, and then secondly, the ministry in Corinth in verses 5 to 11. But with reference to his arrival, notice in verse 1 of 18, it says, after these things, Paul departed from Athens and went to Corinth. So it's helpful for us to know a little bit about the city of Corinth. And I want to just read a few things. It was originally a leading city-state whose name first appears in Homer's Iliad. It was destroyed by the Romans in 146 BC, because Corinth had joined that league that tried to resist the Romans from taking over. And it was decimated, it was obliterated, it was rebuilt in 44 BC by Julius Caesar. And it was located in a very strategic place on the Isthmus of Corinth, and it joined the mainland of Greece to the Peloponnesian Peninsula. And the population was probably about 200,000 people. So it was a very significant city, and some suggest that it was even a challenger for Athens itself. With reference to its strategic location, John Stott says with reference to Paul, he must have seen its strategic importance. If trade could radiate from Corinth in all directions, which it in fact did, Paul would have concluded so could the gospel. So Paul was wise. He would go to these largely populated cities. There he would preach the gospel. There he would make disciples in the hopes and with the desired effect that that would then spill out to the regions around. That doesn't mean he wouldn't go to smaller places. That doesn't mean that he neglected the smaller works. It didn't mean that he was a celebrity preacher and he had to have his face sort of out there for everybody to see. Rather, he was a strategic man in terms of planting churches, making disciples and planting churches. In terms of the ethics of the city, the ethics of the city is a different story. One has well said, if the intellect or sins of the intellect was the problem in Athens, in Corinth it was the sins of the flesh. It was a filthy and a very derelict place. Plato used the term Corinthian girl as a synonym for prostitute. To play the Corinthian from the 5th century BC onward simply meant to engage in fornication. There was a temple there to Venus or Aphrodite and there were temple prostitutes. Remember, this comes up in Paul's writing to the Corinthians in 1 Corinthians 5 and then 1 Corinthians 6. They had problems with sexual immorality. Why? because the city was rife with sexual immorality. About a thousand prostitutes a night would go out and work the city streets. So it was a very foul and a very polluted place. John Gill makes the observation, and as the gospel was to be preached to the worst of sinners, among whom God's chosen ones lay, the apostle was directed to come hither. In other words, we don't look at a particular community or a particular people group and conclude that they're too far gone. They are beyond the pale. There is no hope for them. That is absolutely contrary to what we find in the second missionary journey. If ever there was a place a minister could conclude that this is a reprobate land, There's not going to be any positive effect from a ministry. I would rather go over here. This does disservice to this passage. Corinth was messed up. So God dispatches Paul because, as I said earlier, the only thing that helps a messed up culture, it's not more messed up government intervention. It's not more messed up do-gooders trying to put their paws on everything, but rather it's the gospel of Jesus Christ our Lord. That gospel in which is revealed the righteousness of God from faith to faith. That is what desperately needed to happen. here in Corinth, and so Paul is the servant. So that's the city. Secondly, notice the companions under the arrival in Corinth. There is this Christian couple named Aquila and Priscilla, and they are mentioned elsewhere in the New Testament. We see them in Romans 16. Paul says they risked their own lives for him. We see them mentioned in 1 Corinthians chapter 16, and then again 2 Timothy 4. You'll see her called Prisca there. It's the same woman, Prisca or Priscilla. Priscilla is the diminutive form. And nevertheless, they were companions of Paul. And this shows us, because they came to Rome, that Paul was not the founder of the church at Rome. I don't think it was Peter either, but we see that there was already a Christian presence in Rome. Claudius expels the Jews, and at that particular time Aquila, who was a Jew, leaves and comes to Corinth. Now why did Claudius get rid of the Jews in the city of Rome? There are many speculations as to that. I think Alexander explains it the best. He says, Suetonius, who was a Roman historian, relates that Claudius expelled the Jews because they were continually making a disturbance under the influence or at the instance of one Christus, which some regard as the proper name of a person now unknown, but others as a mistake for Christus. And so the idea is that within the city of Rome, as the Christians were meeting, as the Christians were maintaining Christ as Israel's Messiah, it was stirring up the opposition by the Jews. That shouldn't surprise us, because that happens everywhere Paul goes and preaches in a synagogue of the Jews. Well, Claudius didn't want that sort of thing in his place. He didn't want that kind of tension and that kind of a threat to the stability of the civil order. So he expels the Jews from Rome at that particular time. So that's the rationale as to why Aquila and Priscilla are now in Rome. And then notice in verse 3 it says, so because he was of the same trade. Paul was a tent maker, or perhaps we could translate it as a leather worker, as was Aquila. And we might ask the question, well, why did the Apostle Paul need to have a side gig? Well, Matthew Poole says the most learned amongst the Jews did always learn some handicraft. And it was one of those things which they held a father was bound to do for his child, namely to teach him some trade. And one of the rabbi's sayings is that whosoever does not teach his child a trade does as bad as if he did teach him to play the thief. I think that's a good custom that the Jews had at that particular time that one ought to obtain in this day and age. We ought to teach our sons to go out and to work, to have some sort of a trade, to have some sort of a skill, to have some sort of an ability to make money. Well, that's how Paul's parents raised him. So Paul, by trade, was a tent maker or a leather maker. And so they found camaraderie, him and Aquila. Now, Paul stays with Aquila and with Priscilla. Even when we get to verse 7, it says he goes to Justice's house. He's probably still lodging with Aquila and Priscilla. He simply goes to Justice's house in order to continue to preach the gospel. But back to our text, notice what Paul then does according to his custom. Verse 4, and he reasoned in the synagogue every Sabbath and persuaded both Jews and Greeks. We have seen that custom as we trace through the first missionary journey and as we are concluding the second missionary journey. Paul would go to the synagogues because there was an audience there, an audience skilled or were supposed to be skilled in the Old Testament scriptures. So Paul from those scriptures would testify that their Messiah had to suffer and that he had to be raised again from the dead. And then he would testify to them that this Jesus whom I preach to you is the Christ. But Paul also knew that in these synagogues of the Jews, there would be God-fearing Gentiles. Those were Gentiles that were enamored with or interested in the God of Israel. So they would come on Sabbath to the synagogue in order to hear the teaching and the lectures from the Old Testament. They obviously didn't call it the Old Testament, just like Jews today don't call it the Old Testament because they deny or reject the New Testament. For them, it's the Bible. For them, it's the Tanakh, which is simply the law, the prophets, and the writings. So Paul's custom holds in this particular instance, he goes to Corinth. Now that brings us secondly to consider this ministry in Corinth. First, he testifies, as we've seen, in the synagogue, but specifically here in verse 5, we notice that Silas and Timothy had come from Macedonia. Remember, those were his traveling companions on this second missionary journey. So Paul, for a time, was alone in Athens. He dispatched these men back to Macedonia so that they could further minister the Word of God there. and now they meet up again when they're in Corinth. But it says that Paul was compelled by the Spirit. Now, there's a variant reading here. The New King James reads he was compelled by the Spirit. The ESV tells us he was occupied with the Word. The NIV says that Paul devoted himself exclusively to preaching. Which is it? I'm not sure, but this much I do know. For some reason, the coming of Timothy and Silas energized the apostle. Not that he didn't have energy prior, but his friends, his companions, his ministerial compadres helped buoy him up. And so now he's got this earnestness. Again, not that it was lacking or absent before, but we need to remember Paul was a man. Paul prayed, or asked the Ephesians to pray for him, that he would be given boldness to speak the gospel as he ought, which indicates, and we'll see in a few moments, that he had a native fear. They had a native trembling. Why does Jesus in verse 9 come to Paul and say, do not be afraid? Jesus isn't just willy-nilly throwing around little words of encouragement, but rather he must have surmised, well, Jesus surmises everything, to be sure, because he's Jesus. Well, he comes and he encourages Paul at this particular juncture on the third missionary journey. So Paul is enlivened, Paul is energized, Paul is compelled by the Spirit, and here we find the sum and substance of his preaching, and testify to the Jews that Jesus is the Christ. Again, this illustrates what I said before. What was the problem or a prevailing problem in the city of Corinth? Whoredom, going into other people that were not married to you, engaging in the sorts of activities condemned by God in the seventh commandment. But Paul doesn't directly say, okay, you shouldn't do this and you shouldn't do that. He preaches Christ and Him crucified. What's Paul's logic? Paul knows that when sinners hear Christ and Him crucified, and when sinners believe on Christ and Him crucified, sinners stop sinning in the way that they used to. Maybe not perfectly, maybe not consistently, maybe not holistically, but that's the conjunction that we find in Scripture. Because you have been saved by grace, now live in this particular matter. We have seen it in our last Sunday night sermon. A couple Sunday nights there in Titus chapter 2, Titus chapter 3. Be this kind of an old man, be this kind of an old woman, be this kind of a young woman, be this kind of a young man. Why? because Christ gave himself for you to purify for himself a special people zealous for good deeds. So Christianity isn't stop engaging in whoredom and then God will save you. Christianity is believe on the gospel. God saves sinners by Jesus Christ by cleansing them in his precious blood and giving them a righteousness that avails with God. And at that point, as a consequence or fruit of that, you will stop engaging in the sorts of sins that were common prior to your conversion. So when Paul goes to this city, Undone, this city that has been well described as both a Las Vegas and a San Francisco in the ancient world, when Paul goes there, what does Paul do? He preaches Christ and Him crucified. Brethren, this is our message to the world. This is our message in any situation or in any circumstance. The state, the government, has the prerogative to punish evildoers in the context of the civil state. God hasn't armed the church with the sword. Rather, God has armed the church with the truth of God's gospel. He has given us the healing instrument in the conduct and affairs of the world. We preach gospel for the salvation of sinners. We administer the sacraments for the benefit of saints. That's our function and role. We're not to renege, we're not to stop, we're not to kowtow, and we're certainly not supposed to lie down and pretend like everything is hunky-dory and we're gonna just do our own little thing. No, we have the message that sinners desperately need, the way that Paul did in Corinth, and that message is Christ and Him crucified, Christ and Him resurrected, Christ and Him glorified, and Christ as accessible to sinners by faith. Now notice, secondly, in terms of the ministry in Corinth, the opposition of the Jews. Can you detect a pattern here? Paul goes to the synagogue, Paul preaches Jesus is the Christ, and then the Jews lose their collective minds. They flip out on him. They go nuts on him. Again, there is no true freedom of speech if persons can't say something without the threat of being persecuted, without the threat of being in prison, without the threat of losing their heads. Well, the apostle understood that, and the apostle nevertheless raised up his voice in the name of Jesus. But notice what we see. The Jews oppose the apostle Paul. Verse 6. but when they opposed him and blasphemed." Now the word blaspheme there can apply to men. It can be a word that's used horizontally. I could blaspheme somebody here. That means speak evil of them. It means possibly slander them. It means to misrepresent them. But I think the fact is, is that they opposed Paul, but they blasphemed God. The way of blasphemy, according to Luke, when we compare what he says here and what we see in Pisidian Antioch in 1345, to deny or reject Jesus Christ on the part of the Jews is to blaspheme God Almighty. See, there's this thought out there that the Jews are just like us. No, they're not. They deny the God of Israel. They deny the triune Lord. They deny Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. They stand in need of the same gospel that everybody else does. Now, if you think that sounds harsh or anti-Semitic, I'm sorry, but that's what we find in Scripture. The Apostle Paul raised up his voice, he spared not, he cried aloud and told the Jews that Jesus is the Christ. Again, they lose their collective minds and they want him gone. They oppose Paul and they blaspheme Jesus. Now, notice what Paul does in terms of the third point under the ministry in Corinth, his response. First of all, he rejects them. Verse six says, but when they opposed him in blaspheme, he shook his garments and said to them, your blood be upon your own heads. I am clean. From now on, I will go to the Gentiles. He does the same sort of thing in chapter 13, verse 51 at Pisidian Antioch. In fact, you can turn there and look at that particular statement. It reflects what Jesus teaches in the gospels. In 1351, it says, they shook off the dust from their feet against them and came to Iconium. The only difference here is that Paul took off or shook rather his garments at this particular juncture. Again, it reflects Jesus teaching. Matthew 10, Mark 6, Luke 9, and then again in Luke 10. If they reject you, if they refuse you, if they resist you, then shake off the dust from your feet. Johnson describes it this way, the long-suffering and non-violent gentleness of Jesus' servants should not be mistaken for a lack of divine authority. Their message cannot be scorned with impunity. Rather, their dust-shaking ceremony previewed the day when God Himself will make an utter separation between those who have fled to Him for refuge and those who have fled from Him in rebellion. In a terrifying prelude to the final division, Jesus instructed his emissaries to give certain cities what they wanted, to withdraw the indicting and saving word of God from them. Now, that's a big difference than just saying, well, there's a lot of bad people there. I'm not going to go there. No, Paul went there, and Paul stayed there, and they continued to refuse, they continued to reject, they continued to rebel. Jesus does not teach that you need to just stand there faithful while that is obtaining, or while that is occurring. If they persecute you in this city, then flee to the next city, Matthew 10, 23. Now, there may be good reasons for you to stand fast and to stay your course and die in that particular city. But for those who do take Jesus' word seriously, and if there is hot persecution in one place, and they flee to the next city, not simply to save their own bacon, but that they can promote the gospel of free and sovereign grace to another group of people, that's the motive, that's the reason, that's the rationale, and that is perfectly acceptable. So his rejection of them is signified by this shaking of his garment. But then notice his word to them. He says in the middle of verse 6, your blood be upon your own heads. I am clean. Turn to Acts 20 for just a moment, where he uses a similar convention in the pastor's conference in Ephesus. Acts 20 at verse 25 and indeed now I know that you all among whom I have gone preaching the kingdom of God will see my face no more Therefore I testify to you this day that I am innocent of the blood of all men For I have not shunned to declare to you the whole counsel of God So you see he does that with these pastors there at Ephesus in chapter 20 He does that with these Jews who are who are in opposition here in Acts chapter 18 in Corinth The backdrop or the background, as you might imagine, is the Old Testament. The prophet Ezekiel was called by God to be a watchman. In fact, God says to Ezekiel, warn the nation. If they heed you, then that's great. I'm paraphrasing. If they don't heed you, I won't hold you responsible, I will hold them responsible. In fact, the section is in Ezekiel 33, 1 to 5, I'll just read verse 4. Then whoever hears the sound of the trumpet and does not take warning, if the sword comes and takes him away, his blood shall be on his own head. Now, what's the point here? Paul is doing something that is so contrary and so revolutionary when we consider our own era, both within the church and outside of the church. He is telling persons, individuals, image bearers, that they are responsible to God. Now, that doesn't always happen in the church vis-a-vis hyper-Calvinism. We so amplify sovereignty that we neglect responsibility. And sinners are never being told, never being exhorted, never being yelled at and shouted at that they are responsible for their continual rebellion against God, for their continual rejection against the Son of God. We try to hide behind divine sovereignty. Or rather, sinners, if you give them that opportunity, will hide there every time. Oh, well, God's predestined. God's elect. God's sovereignty. I just don't know if I'm... Don't let them do that, brethren. To reject Jesus Christ means that you are responsible for what you have done. Now, when we extrapolate this principle into the larger world, I think that this is fundamentally an issue today. Every problem everybody has is everybody else's fault. Not according to the Apostle Paul. You made your bed, now lay in it. If you are rejecting the Lord God Most High, whether it be gospel or whether it be some other area of your life, trying to portray everybody else as the reason why you're in dire straits, that ultimately is going to come back to bite you. So may I encourage all of us, with the nicest gym face I can, to accept your responsibility before a holy God. He is the moral governor of the universe, and we do not have the right to try to hide, to try to evade, or to try to blame everybody else. Well, Paul, you weren't clear enough. Well, Paul, you were a bit forceful. Paul, you said things that I didn't really care about. That's not supposed to happen. Own it. If you're a rebel sinner this morning, if you are not a believer in Jesus Christ, there is one person in this room you can blame. It ain't me. It's you. If you are the kind of person that always tries to evade responsibility by pointing the spotlight at others, may I again encourage you to knock it off. The Most High God is not to be trifled with. The Most High God saw Adam and Eve when they covered themselves and they hid among the trees. The Most High God knows the sorts of games that you are playing. The Most High God knows the sorts of ways that you are trying to evade your responsibility. Again, may I encourage you, lay down your arms. Lay down your weapons. Lay down all those things that you use to rebel against God Almighty. Wave the white flag and surrender to Him. Not any man, not any person, not bow the knee to other people, but bow it to King Jesus Christ, confessing Him as Lord and Savior. This was David's exhortation to the nations around Israel, to the pagan nations around Israel. Did David say, well, you know, they're on their own. They've got their Moloch, they've got their Baal, they've got all these other things. Do you understand, that's why Paul can tell you, when you're eating at somebody's house, you don't have to ask them, was this steak offered up to an idol? You don't have to do that. Why? Because there's really no bail. There's really no Moloch. These are figments of man's imagination. And so David doesn't reason, well, the nations around us, they have their own gods. No, no. He says to the judges, he says to the kings of the earth, he says to the civil authority that were parallel to him, him in Israel, them elsewhere in the pagan world. And he tells them to kiss the sun, lest he be angry and you perish in his way when his wrath is kindled but a little. He ends that second Psalm on a beatitude, blessed are all those who put their trust in Him. This is absolutely imperative. If you are a sinner here this morning, not picking on you, I'm a sinner too. I wasn't one who grew up and, oh boy, I'm just going to decide to follow Jesus. That ain't my story whatsoever. But I am appealing to you today, if you are not saved, please don't blame your parents. Please don't blame your pastors. Please don't blame some experience you had in the third grade. Blame yourself and listen to the reality. God the Lord addresses the nations in the prophet Isaiah. He says, look unto me, all ye ends of the earth, for I am God and there is no other. Christ says to weary, heavy-laden sinners, come to me, all you who are weary and heavy-laden, and I will give you rest. What is that invitation in Isaiah the prophet at chapter 55? Oh, everyone who thirsts, let him come. You who have no money, you have no wages or whatever, come and buy and eat. Take the refreshing water of the gospel, the nourishing milk of the gospel, the exhilarating wine of the gospel. It's all yours without any payment. It's because of grace. It's because of kindness. It's because of mercy. It's because of who our God is. So don't blame anyone. Rather, to the Lord Jesus and find that mercy, find that grace, find that peace with God that surpasses all understanding. It is most blessed and most excellent. So he rejects them, he then speaks to them, and then he says that he's gonna turn to the Gentiles. Again, that makes them typically lose their minds, because here he is, a Jewish rabbi, the Apostle Paul, he describes himself in Philippians 3, prior to his conversion, as a Pharisee among the Pharisees. He was a very skilled rabbi. He sat under the feet of Gamaliel. They know this, and now they think that he is compromising. He is preaching this Nazarene, this man from Nazareth, as the Messiah, our scriptures foretold. Of course they lose their minds, just like they did with Jesus. Does it surprise you, the animosity of the religious leaders with reference to Jesus? Again, we're not justifying it. It was horrific, it was vile, and it was wretched. But when Jesus says to the religious leaders of his time, before Abraham was, I am, Does it surprise you they pick up stones to throw at him? This Nazarene, this carpenter, this one who nobody really even cares about. He has no visage, no faith, no appearance that we should long for. There's nothing about him that attracts men. They lost it. And they lost it with the apostle Paul, just like in this particular instance. So Paul now departs from them. When he says he's gonna turn to the Gentiles, it's not exclusive. In the third missionary journey, when he goes to various cities, guess where he starts? The synagogue. He doesn't mean, I'm done with you Jews forever. The book of Acts ends with Paul in prison and Jews coming to talk to him and Paul telling them Isaiah 6 and applying it to them. You have ears to hear, but you don't hear. You have eyes to see, but you don't see. Again, they don't receive that with happiness and joy and say, what a great guy he is. It really upsets them. But nevertheless, he turns to the Gentiles, and as I said, verse 7 says, he departed from there and entered the house of a certain man named Justice, one who worshipped God, whose house was next door to the synagogue. Some versions, in fact, the New King James margin says Titus Justice, and some suspect that this is the Titus of Titus, the book. I don't know. Persons don't know. It's a speculation at best. We do suspect that this was a Gentile because he's described as one who worshiped God. Again, every Jew would have been characterized that way. In Luke's usage, God worshipers is typically a reference to Gentiles. But whoever this justice was, again, I don't think that Paul stopped staying with Aquila and Priscilla, but rather he goes to Justice's house, which is conveniently located right next to the synagogue, where Paul then teaches that Jesus is the Christ. So that's sort of the framework that we ought to appreciate relative to the movement of the apostle in this instance. That brings us fourthly to consider, by way of the ministry in Corinth, the effects of the ministry. At verse 8, then Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believed on the Lord with all his household. Paul refers to this Crispus in 1 Corinthians 1.14. He refers to his having baptized Crispus. He also refers to a man by the name of Gaius. Some suspect that this Gaius is perhaps as well this Justice or Titus Justice. Again, it can be a bit confusing, but we do the same sort of thing. I'm James, Peter, you're whoever, whatever. You've got two names and then there's a surname. Well, the same thing held at this particular juncture. So we're not really sure exactly, but Gaius could have been this Justice from Acts 18.7. But in 1 Corinthians 1.14, Paul says, I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius. Now don't mistake Paul. He's not an anti-baptist. He's not the sort of guy that, you know, he's not a forerunner of the Salvation Army. which teaches no more sacraments. That's not Paul. He's talking about the reality that he was a preacher. That was his primary emphasis, was to preach the word. And when he baptized, there were certainly people to baptize, but companions, other ministerial associates, would be the ones that actually engaged in the baptism. So in terms of Corinth, he baptizes Crispus and Gaius. But there is this general statement concerning Corinth at the end of verse 8. It says, in many of the Corinthians, Beautiful, isn't it? In Acts 17 in Athens, there wasn't that same sort of a response. What do we conclude there? That Paul's preaching was better in Corinth? No, we conclude that God's sovereign. That's how we conclude relative to the effects of gospel preaching. In other words, when we preach the gospel, God is glorified in the declaration of the truth. We typically only associate God's glory in the salvation of sinners. Now, God is glorified, hold on for it, in the damnation of sinners as well. The apostle tells us that in Romans 9. In 2 Corinthians, the apostle says that the preaching of God's word comes like a great aroma or a fragrance into the very nostrils of God himself. That's an anthropomorphism, because God is spirit and doesn't have nostrils. But Paul says, to the one, it's the aroma of life unto life. To the other, it's the aroma of death unto death. But in either event, God is glorified. We need to get out of this modern mindset that God's only glorified if, you know, a hundred sinners say the prayer and get saved. No, when God's Word is preached accurately, God is there, God is glorified, God is magnified. So the difference between the effects in Athens versus the effects in Corinth isn't attributable to what Paul did, but rather it's attributable to what God does in the salvation of sinners. God has his purposes, God's prerogative, God's good pleasure is what is at stake. But with reference to this statement at the end of verse 8, many of the Corinthians hearing, believed, and were baptized. There's your conspicuous pattern. They heard the word, they believed the word, and they were baptized, as John Gill says. This is a plain instance of believer's baptism. First, they heard the word of God, then they believed this word coming with power to them, and upon their believing, they are baptized. It's a beautiful display of God's grace to many Corinthians. Should we ever give up on a Las Vegas? Should we ever give up on a San Francisco? Should we ever give up on a Chilliwack? Should we ever give up on those places where God says there are image bearers that stand in need of the gospel, who desperately need to hear the truth, to believe the truth, and then to be baptized according to that truth? No, we shouldn't give up. God had many people in the city of Corinth. They had many prostitutes, as I said, but God had many of His elect. And we can praise God for that. And that brings us to the fifth observation relative to the ministry in Corinth, this vision of Christ. Paul gets a few visions, one in chapter 16, that Macedonian call. He'll get another one in chapter 23, and then on the ship in Acts chapter 27. But if we look at this, it is most glorious. Verse nine. Now the Lord spoke to Paul in the night by a vision. And the first thing he says is, do not be afraid, but speak. Do not be afraid, but speak. Don't keep silent. Turn for a moment to First Corinthians two. First Corinthians two. Paul reveals his mindset when he's in Corinth. First Corinthians one is amazing. Essentially, Paul is paralleling the so-called wisdom of the world with the wisdom of God. Paul is showing that wisdom of God as it comes vis-a-vis the gospel, chapter 1, verses 18 and following. That power of God is revealed vis-a-vis in the recipients of the gospel, the Corinthians, not many wise, not many noble. And then he shows the power of God revealed vis-a-vis the preacher himself. Paul wasn't this powerhouse. Paul wasn't this orator. People didn't wear t-shirts that said, Paul is my homeboy. They didn't have coffee cups with Paul's mug on their mugs. He wasn't the celebrity preacher that had the $800 sneakers. I have learned this recently. There is an Instagram account called Preachers in Sneakers, and persons take pictures of celebrity preachers and put them on the Instagram account and tell you how much their wardrobe cost. Brethren, if you ever see me on Preachers with Sneakers, take me out. Take me out. That wasn't Paul. I don't think pastors or churches today would hire Paul personally, not just because he had this great knack of alienating everybody who disagreed with him, but his personal appearance, his manner. We want in the church today the guys that have it all, The $800 sneakers, the big 18-inch guns, the bulging pecs, the whole spiel. If you think I'm making this up, brethren, you are not paying attention to what's happening in evangelicalism today. You are just not paying attention, because this is the reality. Paul wasn't that. Paul was the sort of guy that was like Jesus. You wouldn't give him a second look on the street. That's what the prophet Isaiah says with reference to Jesus. He had no appearance. There was nothing about him that would draw the eye and say, what manner of man is that? In fact, when persons heard of his notoriety, Who? You mean the son of the carpenter? Joseph's son? Are you kidding? This is the Messiah? That's how they responded to the Lord Jesus. That's how I suspect persons would have responded to Paul. Except churches that were looking to hire. They wouldn't hire Paul because he was unimpressive. He didn't have that alpha dog sort of presence that we demand in the church today. Notice in 2.1. And I, brethren, when I came to you, did not come with excellence of speech or of wisdom, declaring to you the testimony of God. We'll get back to verse 2 later. Skip it with me. Verse 3, I was with you in weakness, in fear, and in much trembling. Oh, you can't work here. We don't want that kind of a preacher. We want the guns. We want the sneakers. We want the guy that's able to lead the flock into whatever area of social justice warriorism that is dictated or necessitated by the day. Paul, you're just not up to the task. Well, this is his mindset that we have in Acts 18. Paul is telling us, I'm not the macho man. I'm not the guy, you know, with the bandoleros and the guns blazing. I'm not the spiritual equivalent of Clint Eastwood or John Wayne. I'm not the sort of guy that would have ever thought I'd be in this particular position. That's what we have with the apostle. So in verse three, he says, I was with you in weakness, in fear and in much trembling. So go back to Acts chapter 18 and appreciate, if you will, the glory, the kindness and the mercy of our Lord Jesus. Paul, you have a task. Paul, you have a job. Paul, you have a mission. Paul, you have a ministry. So Jesus comes to him to reveal this to him, to encourage and exhort him and to send him back into the fray. That is the grace and mercy of our loving Christ. So the mindset is weakness, fear, much trembling. So what does Jesus say? Verse nine, chapter 18, do not be afraid. If you're familiar with the Old Testament, you know this is a refrain. God to his prophets, God to his people. Do not be afraid. It's a message we desperately need to hear today. Do not be afraid. Why? Because God's Lord. God's sovereign. God's got this. We don't have to fret. We don't have to worry. What happens when we're fearful? What happens when we're fretful? We are paralyzed. There is a direct connection between our fear and paralysis. I don't mean physically. It's not the case that one will, well, even physically. If I walk around a corner and I see a bear, there is a physiological reaction. That fear indicates I may just freeze up. Well, with reference to the spiritual realm, fear paralyzes the servants of God. Fear sends them running, hiding, and cowering. Fear does not bring the gospel to the Corinthians and spend a year and a half there. Christ knows this, so Christ comes to encourage His servant Paul. He says, don't be afraid. He says to him, but speak, and do not keep silent. Matthew Pool says, the fierceness of the enemies of God and His truth should kindle a greater fervor in His servants for His glory. Should Satan have better servants than God? Should they dare for their master beyond what the servants of God are willing to do or suffer for Him? No, the enemies of Satan shouldn't be outgunning the enemies of Christ should not be outgunning, spiritually speaking, the friends of Christ. So Christ's words are absolutely appropriate at this particular juncture. He's got fear. He's got trembling. He's got this weakness. So Jesus comes, reveals himself to him and says, don't be afraid. Continue to speak. Don't be silent, Paul. You have much to say to these Corinthian wretches. This was an abiding lesson for the apostle. It made a lasting impact upon the apostle. The last letter that he writes in the New Testament is 2 Timothy. And in 2 Timothy 1-7, here's how he encourages Timothy. For God has not given us a spirit of fear, but of power, and of love, and of a sound mind. How could he do that? Because Christ came to him here in Corinth and said, don't be afraid. Praise God Almighty for the Lord Jesus. There are times, brethren, when it seems that men are all alone in the service of Christ, and yet Christ never, ever leaves or forsakes. It's a beautiful thing, too, that this is consistent with what we find in Matthew 28. Look at what Jesus goes on to say. Do not be afraid, but speak, and do not keep silent, for I am with you. Isn't that the underscoring or the underpinning, the overarching sort of framework of that great commission? Go therefore, make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you. And lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age. You know who else God says this to? It's Joshua. General Joshua, who was the man charged with taking the Israelites into the land of Canaan and destroying Canaanites. Destroying the people, destroying their idols, destroying their religious shrines, destroying it all. So for Joshua, he needed that encouragement as well. He needed that presence of God as well. Yes, he needed to meditate upon that law of God day and night. He needed to imbibe the truth as it is in Jesus, but he needed that blessed, benefiting promise of God that he would be with him in that endeavor. And so Christ brings that same encouragement to the apostle in this instance. And notice again, verse 10, I am with you and no one will attack you to hurt you. Now, at this point, you're going to say, well, you know, it doesn't seem like those Jews were going to attack him. When we drop down, there's a fellow by the name of Sosthenes that they beat. In 1 Corinthians 1.1, Paul writes to the Corinthians, he and Sosthenes. Oh, there was violence fomenting in the city of Corinth. There was aggression in the minds of the people. They were going to try and mop the ground with the Apostle Paul if they could, but Christ says, don't fear because I'm going to protect you. I will make sure that no one attacks you. This is the reason why at the outset of worship, we read Psalm 105. God says to Israel in verses 13 to 15, when they went from one nation to another, from one kingdom to another people, He permitted no one to do them wrong. Yes, He rebuked kings for their sake saying, do not touch my anointed ones and do my prophets no harm. Now, we do error if we universalize this principle and say, well, therefore, no Christian will ever be slaughtered the way we're reading every single Sunday. That's not the point. For Paul in Corinth at this juncture in redemptive history, He needed to spend this year and six months there preaching the word. He needed as well this assurance in a city of 200,000 people, where there were a lot of opponents, and they've already, or will demonstrate not too far from this point, that they're going to beat Sosthenes right in front of the civil ruler. Did you get that? Galileo doesn't want anything to do with this whatsoever. They beat Sosthenes right in front of him, and he doesn't do anything. Sounds just like what we read every Sunday with reference to Voice of the Martyrs. People of God are targeted for destruction. People of God are beaten. People of God are killed. The people of God that are connected to those people of God go to the civil authority. The civil authority arrests them. How do you explain that? We don't wrestle against flesh and blood, but against principalities and powers. There are dark forces at work behind the physical beings that you and I face each and every day. The devil was a murderer and a liar from the beginning. His representatives on earth continue to carry the torch. That's the only explanation or rationale you can provide why innocent people, watching the abuse and death of their innocent people, go to civil authority and end up either being arrested or fined. We read of a girl this morning in Laos that fought off her attacker. He was trying to rape her. She has now been in prison for six months. She has been fined $11,000 US and being forced to renounce Jesus Christ. You know what I say? Praise God, He gave her the wherewithal and the ability to defend herself. The God of love is a God of justice, the God of love is a God of righteousness, and the God of love authorizes self-defense. But, you know, in many places that's just so contrary because gentle Jesus meek and mild. Gentle Jesus meek and mild is the one in Revelation chapter 6 that everybody flees from. Everybody would rather have mountains and rocks fall on them and crush them rather than meet the wrath of the Lamb. That's your gentle Jesus, meek and mild, brethren. He is that, but he's also righteous. He's the rider on the white horse. He is the one who goes forth conquering and to conquer. He is ruler over the kings of the earth. He is most high. He is most glorious. He is most wondrous. back to our text. He promises his presence, that promise ensures protection, and then this great encouragement concerning Paul's ministry. For I am with you, and no one will attack you to hurt you. Notice the last thing Jesus says, for I have many people in this city. I have many people in this city. How could Jesus say that apart from the doctrine of predestination? How could Jesus say that apart from the doctrine of election? How could Jesus say that apart from God's absolute and comprehensive sovereignty? He couldn't. He could hope. He could pray. He would like to see many of those people with their free will acting upon themselves coming to him. Paul, I'd like to think there are many. No, I have many people in this city. That doesn't mean presently. It didn't mean that, you know, 100,000 out of those 200,000 confessed Christ. It was an argument from Christ as to why Paul was to remain in Corinth. I've got many people. There are sinners to be called out of darkness into marvelous light. There's whoremongers. There's whores. There's people that are abusers of drugs. There are people that are engaged in witchcraft. There are murderers. There are homosexuals. But the bottom line is, according to Jesus, I have many people there. Now you might say, Butler, how do you surmise all those sorts of people were there? Because Paul tells us. 1 Corinthians 6, verse 9. Do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived. Neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor homosexuals, nor sodomites, nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners will inherit the kingdom of God. That's a settled principle of our religion. We all affirm that. We all know that. We all confess that. But notice verse 11. He says, and such were some of you. You see why I often say that the gospel, that Jesus is a real savior for real sinners. We don't need to go find people out there who've cleaned up their act. We don't need to go find people out there that are engaged in the act of moral reform and then preach to them. No, Jesus is in the business of cleansing filthy sinners. And it's not just in Corinth, it's in Chilliwack too. This is said of us also, and such were some of you. We all had our issues. We all have our issues. We all transgress God's law. We all lack conformity unto it. He says, and such were some of you, but you were washed, but you were sanctified, but you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of our God. And verse 11 ends with a summary statement concerning Paul in Corinth prior to them bringing him before Galileo. And it says, he continued there a year and six months teaching the Word of God among them. That vision of Christ was instrumental. That vision of Christ was most helpful. That vision of Christ steadied the Apostle Paul. Now brethren, we're not going to get visions of Christ. I know our charismatic friends and Pentecostal friends might suggest otherwise, but we're not. But we have the written word and we walk by faith, not by sight. And the Christ of Matthew 28 20 is our Christ today. And lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age. So he stays there. And I just did a brief geography. There were four primary or main provinces in the world at that time. in the Oikumene, the inhabited earth, the Roman Empire. There was Galatia, Macedonia, Achaia, and Asia. Corinth was foremost in Achaia. Paul spends a year and a half there. Ephesus is foremost in Asia. He's going to spend two years there in Acts chapter 19 in the third missionary journey. Again, I think that's owing to the fact that he would find these large population bases, and he would preach the gospel there, he would make disciples there, with the understanding that those disciples would then go to other parts of the empire to proclaim the truth as it is in Jesus, to make disciples and plant other churches. Again, we shouldn't understand this as Paul wouldn't be in a little village, Paul wouldn't go to just a handful of people. I've heard that about some celebrity preachers. They won't come to Canada because they won't get enough of an audience. How terrible. I'm sorry, brethren. We have turned, or they have turned, or somebody has turned the ministry into something that isn't Pauline. It's not Pauline. It's different. It's a different species that we're witnessing. I want to close with a few thoughts and then we're done. First, the preaching of the gospel. That is the primary activity of the missionaries. When we started out in Acts 13, the very first missionary journey, we saw that church is instrumental in the sending out of missionaries. There we gave the working definition of missionary. It's a lot broader. There's a lot more elastic today. It's a lot more comprehensive. But missionary, as we find it in the New Testament, which word, by the way, isn't there, but the concept of missionaries, men leaving one place and going to another. When we talk about missionaries, strictly defined or narrowly defined, we're talking about men, qualified according to 1 Timothy 3, Titus chapter 1, men fit and recognized by the church to function as elders or pastors, being then sent out by their churches to go make disciples and plant further churches. If we use a broader definition, that's fine, but we need to understand that narrowly defined, a missionary is a church-planting man, because the church, not all these other agencies, is ultimately the apple of Jesus' eye. Secondly, the persecution of the church. Makes sense, right? If these missionaries go out and preach another king, even Jesus, what does that do to Satan's hosts? What does that do to the enemies of God? They respond in the only way they seem to know how. I mean, again, free speech, dialogue. interaction, discourse, disagreement, and not killing each other? Why is that lost on us? We bear the image of God. I'd like to think that we can sit down with one another, and even if we disagree, not kill each other. I mean, talking about an abuse of the Sixth Commandment, you mean you don't like what they said, so you burn them? You murder them? You cut their heads off because you disagree with their God? That's just unholy, unrighteous, ungodly, and it's rampant today. For those of you who never come to a prayer meeting, you should come sometime, and you should hear the sorts of... I mean, we had extra today. It was like a, you know, stack of paper we got from various countries, various persons, various sufferers. Why? Because they believe the gospel of Jesus Christ our Lord. That's their crime. That's their horrific offense against the state is when they preach another king, even Jesus. Well, we see it here in the book of Acts. Thirdly, we ought to walk by faith in the promise of Christ. He is with the church when she is engaged in the great commission. He protects his servants in order to advance the kingdom. Again, Paul ends up dead. He's not somewhere now. He's not in California. Thankfully, he's not in New York or somewhere in Canada. He was murdered. He was executed. History tells us it was under Nero, that beast. Paul lost his head. He was executed by the civil state, again, for the crime of being a missionary of the gospel. As well, Jesus has his people in this world. Revelation 5 and 7 is most encouraging. Revelation 5 and 7 tells us that there is a great multitude that no man can number. There are persons from every tribe, every tongue, every people, every nation gathered before the throne of God. And before the throne of God, they say salvation belongs to our God and to the Lamb who sits on the throne. Brethren, God wins. God achieves his purposes in this world. Christ shall see the travail of his soul and be satisfied. The dominion of Christ will be from sea to sea. There are times, and perhaps those times are upon us, where it's not always easy to appreciate that. May God make us like an Abraham. God told Abraham, look, you're going to father a multitude. You're going to have so many descendants, you won't even be able to number them. In fact, Abraham, look up at the stars. Abraham, you're going to have more descendants than the stars. Abraham, I want you to look at the sand on the seashore. You're going to have more descendants than that sand on the seashore. Now, for those of you who know the Abraham story, he was 100 when he got this promise. Physiology was the same then as it is now. A hundred-year-old man didn't typically sire a whole bunch of children. That just wasn't the way it was. You know what Paul tells us in Romans 4 concerning the faith of Abraham? He says, who, contrary to hope, in hope believed. I think that's very instructive for us today as we walk by faith, not by sight, understanding that Christ is with his people, understanding that Christ does have people in this world and that Christ calls us to be faithful. And I wanna end with this last point of illustration or rather application, the prayer of the church. We need to pray for men like Paul. We need men, first, who can preach, including the ability to reason, demonstrate, and testify. There has to be the ability in the men of God to be able to meet the opposition with biblical argument, with sound, proven, tried theology, and not their own personal experiences, not their own personal anecdotes, not their own personal life story or journey. We need men who can preach, men who can testify, men who can demonstrate, and men who can reason. That is just, to me, one of the first things we ought to be praying. Secondly, we need men who can stand up to the opposition. Stand up to the opposition. Oh, but Jimmy said he was weak and fearful. He didn't run. He didn't hide. He didn't cower. He didn't go cry. And maybe he did cry. I don't know. Paul was a man of tears. There's nothing wrong with being a man of tears. But he stood up to the opposition. He doesn't cower. He doesn't say, well, there's problems here. I'm going to run. I'm going to hide. Thirdly, we need men who can persevere in doing what is right. They don't let bullies dictate. They don't let the opposition stop them. They don't kowtow to the prevailing winds of change that culture has. Well, now, science has told us this. Brethren, I have never been more suspect of science than I have been in the last three months, to be quite candid with you. If this is science, then I don't want it, because it's bizarro in my mind. We need men who do not kowtow to the prevailing opposition. We need men, fourthly, who resist their native fears. He had it. He was struggling. He had weakness. He was a trembler. He tells the Ephesians in Ephesians 6, pray that I will be given boldness to speak the truth as I ought to speak. Doesn't mean you're a bad guy if you have fear. It means you're a bad guy if you're paralyzed by that fear and you don't do what God's called you to. That's the job. Fifth, men who believe the promise that Christ is present, even when their eyes suggest otherwise. Again, we walk by faith, not by sight. The best illustration in my mind is John G. Payton. You know, some of you have read the autobiography of John G. Payton, that minute missionary to the New Hebrides or Vanuatu. There were times when he's literally running through the jungle with cannibals chasing after him, and he says, and I was looking up into heaven to see the Lord Jesus Christ ruling and reigning, not physically, it wasn't that he got a vision, but as these cannibals are nipping at his heel, no pun intended, he nevertheless encourages his heart that Christ is over the cannibals. That's the kind of man the church needs. We need as well men who obey Christ and do what they're supposed to. Again, wow, look at verse 11. He continued there a year and six months teaching the word of God among them. Go back to 1 Corinthians 2. I said there was a passage we skipped. We now need to revisit and we'll end here. We need men who make it their determination not to know anything among you except Jesus Christ and Him crucified. Brethren, if you have a mind to pray for pastors, you have a mind to pray for missionaries, you have a mind to pray for potential laborers in Christ's field, take Paul as an example and pray for that kind of man. The chapter ends with another high note of a man by the name of Apollos. Apollos was a man mighty in the scriptures. Sounds like Apollos was a Jew, perhaps a rabbi, perhaps a lawyer. We're going to see him tonight in Titus chapter 3. This Apollos with this man called Zenos, the lawyer. Most likely they were Jewish lawyers. They were experts in the law of Moses. That's probably what Apollos' deal was, but he didn't know the gospel, or he didn't know, rather, Jesus. He knew the baptism of John, but he's humble enough to listen to both Aquila and his wife, Priscilla, to teach him the more excellent way. And so what does he do armed with that information? He goes out and he's a useful servant to Jesus Christ the Lord. In song, we need useful servants to Jesus Christ the Lord. Let us pray. Father, thank you for your word and thank you for these missionary journeys and the great instruction that they give us in the church today. I pray that you would raise up men among us, that you would raise up men throughout the world to be the kind of man that we see here in Acts 18. And we pray that you would indeed send them forth to proclaim the truth as it is in Jesus Christ, to determine to know nothing among men except Christ and Him crucified. For this is the most important calling for a minister of the gospel. And Lord, do this for your glory. Do this for the advancement of the kingdom of Christ on earth. Do this, Lord God, for the good of men and women created in your image. And we ask this through Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen.
