Theological term
Covenant of Works
267 sermons · All terms
The Judgment Seat of Christ
Matthew 7:21–23 is often misread as a warning to believers to produce more good works, but the passage concerns entrance into the kingdom of heaven and exposes the damning error of self-righteousness. The false professors are condemned not because they lacked works but because they rested their hope for acceptance with God on those works rather than on Christ's blood and righteousness — a form of lawlessness that is an assault on the cross. The will of the Father in Matthew 7:21, rightly understood through John 6:28–40, is to believe on the Son whom He sent; justification is by faith alone, received once, and the Sermon on the Mount functions as law to drive sinners to the foot of the cross rather than to self-congratulation.
The Justice of God and the Gospel
Proverbs 17:15 declares that justifying the wicked and condemning the just are alike an abomination to God — yet the gospel does precisely both: God condemned the sinless Christ and justifies ungodly sinners. This sermon works through the theological architecture that vindicates God from any charge of self-contradiction in the gospel, tracing the doctrines of covenant representation and imputation from Genesis through the Prophets and into Paul's argument in Romans 3–5. The three acts of imputation — Adam's sin to all mankind, the elect's sin to Christ, and Christ's righteousness to the elect — are shown to be the biblical answer to the problem Proverbs 17:15 raises, grounding assurance in an alien righteousness received by faith alone.
Free Grace Baptist Church - April 24, 2019 Bible Study
Genesis 18:1–15 presents the Lord's appearance to Abraham at Mamre, where the promise of Isaac's birth is reiterated — this time directed toward Sarah, who laughs within herself at what she judges a physical impossibility. The study examines the identity of the three visitors (most likely the angel of the Lord and two attendant angels), the exemplary hospitality of Abraham as a model for Christian brotherly love, and the rebuke issued to Sarah's unbelief. The passage pivots on the question of verse 14 — 'Is anything too hard for the Lord?' — and calls believers to ground their confidence not in circumstantial possibility but in the omnipotence of God, whose covenantal promises are not contingent on human capacity.
The Antithesis between the Upright and the Wicked
Proverbs 29:27 declares a mutual abomination between the upright and the wicked — a reality rooted not in mere personality conflict but in the God-ordained enmity of Genesis 3:15. This sermon traces that antithesis from its origin in the protoevangelium through its characteristics in Proverbs 30:11–14 (rebelliousness, self-righteousness, arrogance, and oppression), and into its New Testament confirmation in John 15 and 1 John 3. Believers are called to respond to a godless generation not with violence or character assassination, but with righteous indignation tempered by tears, faithful parental discipline, proclamation of God's law, and the preaching of the gospel of Jesus Christ.
Free Grace Baptist Church - April 3, 2019 Bible Study
Genesis 17 presents the formal ratification of the covenant of circumcision with Abraham and his descendants, distinguished carefully from the covenant of grace revealed within it. The sermon traces the progressive enhancement of God's promises — seed, fruitfulness, kings, land, and the covenant formula 'I will be their God' — while insisting that the covenant of circumcision operates simultaneously on physical and spiritual levels without the two being conflated. Drawing on Galatians 3–5 and Nehemiah Cox, the exposition argues that to identify the covenant of circumcision with the covenant of grace is an exegetical misstep that yields infant baptism and mingles the law principle with the grace principle in a way the Apostle Paul expressly forbids.
Gentile Inclusion in God's Covenant
Ephesians 2:11–22 presents Gentile inclusion in the covenant promises of God as a third demonstration of divine power, alongside the resurrection of Christ and the salvation of individual sinners. Gentile believers were once Christless, churchless, hopeless, godless, and homeless — aliens from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise — but now, through the blood of Christ, they have been brought near and made one new man together with believing Jews. The sermon refutes dispensationalism's two-peoples framework, explains the threefold division of the law (moral, judicial, ceremonial) to clarify what Christ abolished at the cross, and calls the church to a high corporate esteem of the household of God as the dwelling place of the Spirit.
Genesis 13:1-18
Genesis 13 presents the separation of Abram and Lot as a sustained contrast between faith-driven generosity and sight-driven selfishness. Abram, though possessing the divine promise of the land, voluntarily surrenders his claim to preference and offers Lot first choice — a posture the New Testament repeatedly commends and commands. Lot's eastward movement toward Sodom illustrates the peril of choosing by the physical eye alone, while God's subsequent renewal of the covenant promise to Abram shows that the Word of God is the appointed remedy for the grief that faithfulness can cost. The sermon traces these Abrahamic land and seed promises through Joshua, the Psalms, Isaiah, and the New Testament epistles to demonstrate that their ultimate fulfillment is not territorial but cosmic — in Christ as heir of the world and in a redeemed multitude from every tribe and tongue and nation.
The Glory of the Father and the Son
John 17:1–5 opens Christ's high priestly prayer with a petition that the Father glorify the Son so that the Son may glorify the Father — a reciprocal glorification whose goal is the glory of God Most High. The sermon works through three grounds for this petition: the salvation of the elect given to the Son in the covenant of redemption, the accomplishment of Christ's active and passive obedience as the basis of justification, and the restoration of the Son's pre-incarnate glory. The full deity of Christ is defended against subordinationist readings by surveying New Testament texts where the title theos is applied directly to Jesus, and the sermon closes with the call to pursue the knowledge of God and Christ as the very essence of eternal life — through Scripture reading, prayer, and faithful attendance upon the means of grace.
Bond or Free
Galatians 4:21–31 presents the contrast between Hagar and Sarah as Paul's climactic illustration of the two mutually exclusive ways of standing before God: righteousness by law-keeping and righteousness by faith. Working through the passage under three headings — the illustration described, explained, and applied — the sermon argues that the Judaizers' demand for circumcision and law-observance is a return to the bondage of Mount Sinai, while all who believe in Christ belong to the Jerusalem above, the free woman, born of promise through the Spirit. Listeners are warned against the perpetual temptation to add anything to justification by faith alone, and are called to stand fast in the liberty Christ has secured for his people.
Free Grace Baptist Church - September 19, 2018 Bible Study
Genesis 6:8–22 presents the flood narrative not primarily as natural history but as a theological tableau of human depravity, divine justice, and sovereign grace. The passage establishes a foundational biblical pattern: grace precedes and produces righteous conduct, so that Noah is not found righteous because he earned grace, but rather found blameless because God first granted him grace. The sermon traces the stark literary contrast between Noah, a man made just by divine mercy, and an earth filled with corruption and violence ripe for God's wrathful judgment, while drawing typological connections between Noah as a second Adam and the Ark as a figure of Christ, the shelter from divine wrath. Hearers are called to recognise that the same grace operative in Noah is the only distinction between the redeemed and the condemned, and to remain faithful in a faithless generation by looking beyond present trials to the God who sovereignly guides his people through judgment to life.
The Fall of Man
Genesis 3:1–13 confronts the reader with the anatomy of humanity's first rebellion against God: the serpent's subtle theological assault on God's word, the creature's willing capitulation, and the sinner's instinctive flight from the Creator. The sermon traces three movements — the temptation to sin (vv. 1–5), the fall into sin (vv. 6–7), and the reckoning with God (vv. 8–13) — showing how Satan's tactics in Eden (insinuating doubt about God's word, denying divine judgment, impugning divine goodness) remain the pattern of every temptation. The doctrines of federal headship, original sin, and divine sovereignty over the fall are drawn out from the text, and the Adam-Christ parallel of Romans 5 frames the only remedy: the skull-crushing seed of the woman who succeeds where Adam failed.
The Response to Peter's Sermon
Acts 2:41–47 records the immediate fruit of Peter's Pentecost sermon: three thousand souls baptized and a church marked by steadfast doctrine, fellowship, the Lord's Supper, and prayer. This exposition argues that the passage is both descriptive and prescriptive — what the early church did defines what the church in every age must be. Along the way, believers' baptism is defended against paedo-baptist readings of verse 39, and the growth of the church is traced not to programs or techniques but to the sovereign calling of God through the faithful preaching of Christ crucified.
Free Grace Baptist Church - June 13, 2018 Bible Study
Genesis 3:1–13 records the temptation and fall of Adam and Eve, events that form the theological foundation for the whole of redemptive history. The sermon traces three movements: the serpent's subtle assault on the veracity, goodness, and security of God in verses 1–5; the fall itself and its immediate consequences in verses 6–7; and God's gracious interrogation of the guilty pair in verses 8–13. The anatomy of temptation displayed in Eden — doubt cast on God's word, denial of divine sanctions, and the lure of autonomous wisdom — is the same pattern by which sin operates in every generation, making a firm grip on Scripture the believer's only sufficient defense.
Genesis 2:18-25
Genesis 2:18–25 narrates the provision of a wife for Adam as the divinely ordained solution to man's aloneness — the one instance in the creation account where God declares something 'not good.' The text establishes marriage as a pre-civil, pre-fall institution: one man and one woman, joined in an indissoluble one-flesh union, with the woman made neither to dominate nor to be dominated, but to be a comparable helper. The exposition draws out four implications for marriage today: its inherent goodness, its precise biblical definition against contemporary redefinition, its three purposes (companionship, procreation, and the prevention of uncleanness), and the creational distinction between male and female that undergirds both the home and the church. Hearers are called to prize their marriages as a reflection of Christ and the church, to approach marriage with sobriety and biblical discernment, and to stand firm against every cultural assault on God's design.
Genesis 2:15-17
Genesis 2:15–17 presents Adam not merely as a gardener but as a priest-guardian of a garden-temple, placed under a divine probation that Reformed theology identifies as the Covenant of Works. The study defends the presence of a genuine covenant in this passage despite the absence of the word 'covenant,' marshalling the elements of covenant structure, the covenantal name Yahweh Elohim, and later biblical commentary in Hosea 6:7, Isaiah 24, and Romans 5. The argument presses to a pointed soteriological conclusion: a deficient understanding of the Covenant of Works predictably produces a deficient understanding of the Covenant of Grace, opening the door to the error of faith plus works in justification. The remedy is to see the Covenant of Grace as the Covenant of Works kept for sinners by the Lord Jesus Christ, whose active and passive obedience is imputed to all who believe.
Genesis 2:4-14
Genesis 2:4–14 introduces the man placed in the garden, and this study draws out two interlocking themes: the creation of Adam from the dust as both image-bearer and creature, and the Garden of Eden as the first temple-sanctuary. The garden is shown to be the original holy mountain of God — the unique place of his presence — with Adam functioning not primarily as a gardener but as a priest called to tend, guard, and expand that sacred space. This priestly vocation, forfeited by the first Adam, is traced through the tabernacle, the Solomonic temple, Mount Zion, and ultimately fulfilled by the last Adam, the Lord Jesus Christ, whose work brings the garden-temple theme to its consummation in the new Jerusalem of Revelation 21–22. The study closes with a call to prize corporate worship as the present Mount Zion and to live as faithful priest-servants of the God who has purposed communion with his people from the beginning.
Genesis 2:1-3
Genesis 2:1–3 establishes the Sabbath not at Sinai but at creation, where God's completion of the cosmic temple, his rest of holy delight, and his blessing and sanctification of the seventh day together constitute a creational ordinance binding on all mankind. The text moves in three movements: the completion of creation (v. 1), the rest of the Creator (v. 2), and the blessing and sanctification of the seventh day for the creature's benefit (v. 3). Christ's declaration in Mark 2:27 — 'the Sabbath was made for man' — is not a new pronouncement but a commentary on Genesis 2, confirming that the day was given to image-bearers as a gift from the beginning. Any theology of the Sabbath that does not begin here in Genesis 2:1–3 is defective, and believers are called to receive the weekly Sabbath as a good gift from God rather than resist or dispense with it.
Genesis 1:3-25
Genesis 1:3–25 presents not a bare catalogue of events but a theologically ordered narrative of God's creative work, moving from formlessness to a world formed and filled for man's habitation. The study traces a recurring five-part formula in each day of creation — announcement, command, fulfillment, evaluation, and temporal marker — and then unpacks the structural pattern in which days 1–3 establish realms (light, sky and sea, land) and days 4–6 install their respective rulers (luminaries, fish and birds, land creatures), with man as the image-bearing vice-regent over all. The account is also polemical: Yahweh's creation of sun, moon, stars, and sea creatures directly undercuts the astral worship and mythological cosmologies surrounding Israel. Hearers are called to embrace six-day creationism by faith, to reject the incipient Gnosticism that denigrates the material world, and to read Genesis 1 as Scripture reads it — by faith we understand, not the reverse.
Genesis 1:1-2
Genesis 1:1–2 demands that the people of God hold tenaciously to the doctrine of creation, because what is affirmed or denied there reverberates through the whole of Scripture and Christian ethics. This study surveys the doctrine of creation through the lens of 1689 LBCF chapter 4, paragraph 1, examining the time, author, purpose, and scope of God's creative act, before turning to the precise structure of Genesis 1:1–2 and the arguments for six-day creation. The session closes with two applications: maintaining the aseity and immutability of God, and preserving the Creator-creature distinction against any notion that God is merely the most excellent member of a chain of being.
The Glory of the Lamb of God
John 1:29 — 'Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world' — cannot be rightly understood apart from the Prologue that precedes it. The eternal Word who was with God and was God became flesh, was eternally begotten of the Father, and stands as the covenantal head of the new covenant before he is identified as the Lamb whose violent, substitutionary death takes away the sin of the world. The scope of that sin-bearing is not every individual without exception but persons without distinction — Jews and Gentiles alike — as the consistent use of 'world' in John's Gospel and the song of the redeemed in Revelation 5 make clear. The proper response is to place the cross in its full Trinitarian, Christological, and covenantal context and to worship the one who left the eternal life of God to enter our flesh and save us from our sins.
The Preaching of Peter on Pentecost
Acts 2:37–42 records the first gospel sermon of the apostolic church and the conversion of three thousand souls on the day of Pentecost. This exposition works through Peter's proclamation — centering the gospel in the life, death, resurrection, and ascension of Christ — and his call to repentance and baptism, showing that sin must be named plainly before the Savior can be received gladly. The sermon draws on John Bunyan's 'The Jerusalem Sinner Saved' to press the point that Christ's mercy is offered most conspicuously to the vilest of sinners, and closes with a direct call to believe, repent, and be baptized.
2LCF Chapter 21 - Of Christian Liberty and Liberty of Conscience
Christian liberty is grounded not primarily in political or personal freedoms but in the perfect saving work of Christ, who has purchased freedom from the guilt, power, and punishment of sin for all his elect. This study works through 1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith chapter 21, paragraphs 1–3, tracing the biblical foundations of liberty of conscience against both Roman Catholic ecclesiastical imposition and antinomian abuse of grace. The New Testament enlarges the freedom already held by Old Testament believers by releasing them from the ceremonial law's yoke, granting bolder access to the throne of grace, and communicating the Spirit more fully. True Christian liberty issues not in licentiousness but in cheerful, childlike obedience to God, freed from slavish fear and self-imposed religious scrupulosity alike.
2LCF Chapter 20 - Of the Gospel and of the Extent of the Grace Thereof
The gospel is necessary, revealed only through special revelation, and made effectual solely by the sovereign work of the Holy Spirit — natural law and general revelation are wholly insufficient for salvation. This session expounds 2LCF Chapter 20, tracing why John Owen and the Congregationalists added this chapter to address both the rise of salvation-through-natural-law teaching and the false charge that Reformed and Baptist churches were anti-missional. The sermon argues that the gospel advances to the ends of the earth through preaching, according to God's sovereign will, as the Spirit regenerates the elect who are dead in trespasses and sins. The practical burden is confidence and perseverance in gospel proclamation, grounded not in human ability or ecclesial authority but in the sovereignty of God.
2LCF Chapter 19 - Of the Law of God
God's moral law — first written on Adam's heart in the covenant of works, codified in the Ten Commandments at Sinai, and distinguished from the temporary ceremonial and judicial laws of Moses — remains perpetually binding on all humanity because it perfectly expresses the unchangeable holy character of its divine Author. This study works through chapter 19 of the 1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith, examining the original revelation of the law, its survival after the fall, the threefold distinction of moral, ceremonial, and judicial law, and the abiding obligation of the Decalogue across all covenants. The threefold use of the moral law is treated in sequence: its civil use in restraining sin, its pedagogical use in exposing sin and driving the conscience to Christ, and its normative use in directing the regenerate life of the believer. Believers are called to embrace the moral law not as a covenant of works but in gratitude, enabled by the Spirit through the ordinary means of grace, standing in Christ's righteousness alone before the holy lawgiver.
1 Kings 22:1-28
Ahab's final years reveal a pattern common to every age: the suppression of God's Word in favour of voices that confirm what one already wishes to hear. Expounding 1 Kings 22:1–28, this study traces the collision between Micaiah — the one true prophet who binds himself to speak whatever Yahweh says — and the 400 court prophets whose ambiguous encouragement serves the king rather than God. Two contrasting throne scenes frame the passage: Ahab and Jehoshaphat enthroned before compliant prophets, and Micaiah's vision of Yahweh enthroned in sovereign council over all that is about to unfold. The study closes with direct application: the rejection of faithful preaching and the integrity required of anyone who stands in the prophetic-pastoral office.
The Active Obedience of Christ
Romans 5:19 grounds the doctrine of Christ's active obedience: as Adam's disobedience constituted many sinners, so Christ's perfect law-keeping constitutes many righteous before God. This sermon surveys the theological structure of that doctrine under three heads — its explanation in covenant terms, the obligation that would fall on sinners apart from it, and its realization in Christ's historical life of obedience. The controlling pastoral burden is that God demands personal, entire, exact, and perpetual obedience, a demand no sinner can meet, and that the righteousness imputed to believers by faith alone is the only ground on which any creature may ascend the mountain of God and dwell in His presence.
The Institution of the Lord's Supper, Part 2
Matthew 26:26–30 records Christ's institution of the Lord's Supper in the context of the Passover, and this expository sermon works through the significance of the cup, the anticipation of the messianic banquet, and the concluding hymn sung before Gethsemane. The cup of the new covenant is unpacked under three headings: the covenantal background rooted in Exodus 24 and Jeremiah 31, the substitutionary and particular atonement it seals (Christ's blood shed for many, not for all without distinction), and the redemptive benefit of the remission of sins. The sermon closes by setting the Lord's Supper within its threefold orientation—backward to the cross, present in the church's communion, and forward to the consummated messianic banquet—and by pressing the gospel invitation upon the unconverted through John 6:40.
The Prohibition Against Partiality, 2
James 2:5–13 grounds the prohibition against partiality in three interlocking arguments: a soteriological argument from God's sovereign election of the poor, a practical argument from the church's inconsistency in tolerating the very oppression it suffers, and a theological (decalogical) argument from the indivisibility of God's royal law. The sermon insists that partiality is not a minor social failing but a violation of the whole Decalogue, a rejection of the lawgiver himself, and a possible evidence of a heart still a stranger to sovereign grace. Because God has chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom, his people must receive and honor those whom he has loved, letting the law of liberty — not license — regulate their conduct toward one another.
The Institution of the Lord's Supper
Matthew 26:26–30 records Christ instituting the Lord's Supper in the context of the Passover meal, and this sermon expounds the theological significance of that institution under three headings: the setting, the institution itself, and its conclusion. The bread and cup are shown to be covenantal signs rather than instances of transubstantiation or consubstantiation — the elements represent Christ's body and blood without any change of substance. The covenantal background of Exodus 24 and Jeremiah 31:31–34 illuminates the cup as the blood of the new covenant, fulfilled by Christ as the true Israel who accomplished what national Israel swore but failed to do at Sinai. Believers are called to receive the supper as God's gift of spiritual nourishment and to trust not in their own performance but in the blood and righteousness of Christ alone.
The Necessity of Pure and Undefiled Religion
James 1:27 presents a 'succinct threefold characterization of authentic religion': measured speech, care for the needy, and separation from the world. This sermon expounds the final two marks — visiting orphans and widows in their distress, and keeping oneself unspotted from the world — grounding both in the Old Testament witness to God as defender of the fatherless and in the New Testament pattern of the apostolic church. True religion is neither merely external social action nor merely internal piety, but both together, flowing as the necessary consequence of justifying faith rather than as a condition of it. Those who have believed the gospel are called to a Godward orientation in every good work, resisting the temptation to perform religion before men rather than before God and the Father.