Cited in sermons
John Gill
1,025 sermons · All people cited
2 Kings 2:1-25
2 Kings 2 presents the translation of Elijah and the public authentication of Elisha as his prophetic successor. The chapter divides into two broad movements: Elijah's assumption into heaven by whirlwind (vv. 1–12) and Elisha's manifestation as the new man of God through miracle-working (vv. 13–25). The parallels to Moses and Joshua, the divided Jordan, the healing of Jericho's water, and the covenant curse executed through two bears all establish that Elisha stands in an unbroken line of authorized prophetic ministry — and that God's Word, not any individual instrument, is the true power sustaining His kingdom. The controlling application is that when God removes an Elijah, a Calvin, or a Spurgeon, His Word and His kingdom march on, calling His people to fix their confidence on the strength of God's arm rather than the charisma of His servants.
The Hearing before the Sanhedrin, Part 2
At the trial before the Sanhedrin, two false witnesses twist Christ's words about destroying the temple, and the high priest demands to know whether Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God. Christ's answer — 'it is as you said' — is an unambiguous messianic confession, immediately amplified by his identification of himself as the Son of Man of Daniel 7 enthroned at the right hand of the Father (Psalm 110:1), a claim that converges multiple streams of Old Testament prophecy. The sermon sets this confession against the backdrop of human sinfulness — visible in the kangaroo court's predetermined verdict and willingness to suborn perjury — and calls hearers to see in Christ the true temple-builder of the Davidic covenant, the substitutionary curse-bearer of Isaiah 53, and the only Savior in whom God and sinners dwell together.
2 Kings 1:1-18
2 Kings 1 records the idolatry, judgment, and death of Ahaziah, king of Israel — a man who, when facing death, turned not to Yahweh but to Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron. The chapter exposes the nature of idolatry as a practical confession that the living God is incompetent to meet one's needs, and it establishes the certainty of God's word against any king or army that would silence it. God's protection of Elijah through consuming fire is neither divine caprice nor Old Testament barbarism, but the settled, holy justice of a God who will brook no rival and whose jealousy for his own glory is inseparable from his mercy toward sinners. The passage calls hearers to examine what their instinctive cry in trial reveals about the true object of their allegiance.
1 Kings 22:29-53
The death of Ahab in 1 Kings 22:29–53 demonstrates that no disguise, armor, or strategic cunning can outmaneuver the decreed word of God — a randomly shot arrow, guided by divine providence, finds its precise mark between the joints of Ahab's armor, fulfilling prophecies made in chapters 20, 21, and 22. The narrative also traces the reign of Jehoshaphat, whose overall godliness was nonetheless marred by foolish alliances with Ahab and later Ahaziah, illustrating that genuine piety is not always accompanied by good sense, yet God in His mercy delivers His people even from self-inflicted danger. Ahaziah's accession to Israel's throne closes the chapter with predictable wickedness, the natural fruit of parents who not only model sin but actively instruct their children in it. The passage calls believers to receive the whole counsel of God without flinching, to rest in His sovereign providence, and to extend to fellow Christians the same gracious assessment God gives to imperfect but genuinely godly people.
2LCF Chapter 16 - Of Good Works
1689 London Baptist Confession chapter 16, 'Of Good Works,' teaches that good works are defined exclusively by God's revealed word, flow necessarily from justification and sanctification, and are enabled entirely by Christ as the believer's vine. The chapter distinguishes scriptural good works — requiring the right matter, root, manner, and end — from both the meritorious works Rome supposes possible and the common-grace works of the unregenerate, which, lacking a heart purified by faith and the goal of God's glory, cannot please God. Believers are exhorted to pursue good works not as the ground of their acceptance before God, but as the fruit of a living faith, performed in Christ's strength and received by God through Christ despite their imperfection.
The Exalted Servant
Philippians 2:5–11 presents the humiliation and exaltation of Christ as both the ground and pattern of Christian humility. Working through Paul's 'Christ hymn,' this sermon expounds the pre-incarnate glory of the Son, his kenotic condescension in taking the form of a bondservant, his obedient death on the cross under the wrath of God, and his subsequent exaltation to the name above every name. The christological argument is anchored in the Chalcedonian distinction of two natures in one person, guarding against any suggestion that the incarnation required Christ to surrender divine attributes. The congregation is called to cultivate the mind of Christ — not as a means of earning salvation, but as the fitting response of those who have been saved by sovereign grace.
The Lord's Arrest in the Garden
Matthew 26:50-56 records the arrest of Christ in Gethsemane — an event the speaker expounds as the voluntary, scripturally determined surrender of the sinless Son of God, not a defeat. Working through four structural movements (betrayal, defense, assertion, and desertion), the sermon treats Peter's sword-stroke as a case study in zeal without knowledge, unpacks the legitimate and illegitimate uses of the sword in biblical ethics, and shows that Christ's willing submission to arrest was the necessary means by which He bore the wrath of God as the scapegoat for His people. The closing application summons hearers to the Psalm 2:12 command — 'Kiss the Son' — contrasting Judas's kiss of treachery with the saving trust that finds all shame removed in the One who went alone into the wilderness bearing sin.
1 Kings 22:1-28
Ahab's final years reveal a pattern common to every age: the suppression of God's Word in favour of voices that confirm what one already wishes to hear. Expounding 1 Kings 22:1–28, this study traces the collision between Micaiah — the one true prophet who binds himself to speak whatever Yahweh says — and the 400 court prophets whose ambiguous encouragement serves the king rather than God. Two contrasting throne scenes frame the passage: Ahab and Jehoshaphat enthroned before compliant prophets, and Micaiah's vision of Yahweh enthroned in sovereign council over all that is about to unfold. The study closes with direct application: the rejection of faithful preaching and the integrity required of anyone who stands in the prophetic-pastoral office.
The Lord's Betrayal in the Garden
Matthew 26:47–50 records the betrayal of Christ in Gethsemane, and this expository sermon works through three dimensions of that event: its significance as the arrival of the cup of God's wrath that Christ had prayed over, the plan behind the betrayal as Judas and the religious leaders converge under God's sovereignty, and the execution of the betrayal through a hypocritical kiss. Woven throughout is the parallel account in John 18, where Christ's absolute declaration of 'I Am' causes the arresting mob to draw back and fall to the ground — a manifestation of divine glory that underscores both his power to resist and his voluntary surrender to the Father's will. The sermon calls hearers to see in Christ's resolve the willingness of the Savior to save sinners, and to flee to him rather than trust in external proximity to Christ or religious position.
He Cares for You
The murder of Naboth the Jezreelite in 1 Kings 21 exposes the convergence of covetousness, governmental tyranny, and idolatry — and demonstrates that no crime against God's people escapes divine notice. The chapter divides into two broad movements: the orchestrated injustice Jezebel engineers against Naboth (vv. 1–16) and Elijah's prophetic condemnation of Ahab (vv. 17–29). Four conclusions emerge: God's people will face injustice in this world; governments may administer that injustice; God nevertheless intervenes in the affairs of men; and the abandonment of the first table of the law invariably produces the abandonment of the second. The chapter closes on a surprising note of divine mercy — even Ahab's shallow remorse moves God to suspend judgment, which becomes a ground for confidence that a true penitent who comes to Christ will receive far more.
The Active Obedience of Christ
Romans 5:19 grounds the doctrine of Christ's active obedience: as Adam's disobedience constituted many sinners, so Christ's perfect law-keeping constitutes many righteous before God. This sermon surveys the theological structure of that doctrine under three heads — its explanation in covenant terms, the obligation that would fall on sinners apart from it, and its realization in Christ's historical life of obedience. The controlling pastoral burden is that God demands personal, entire, exact, and perpetual obedience, a demand no sinner can meet, and that the righteousness imputed to believers by faith alone is the only ground on which any creature may ascend the mountain of God and dwell in His presence.
Free Grace Baptist Church - July 2, 2017 AM
This expository sermon on Matthew 26:40–46 examines the sluggishness of the disciples in Gethsemane against the backdrop of Christ's resolute, prayerful obedience to the Father. The disciples' repeated failure to watch and pray — despite explicit warning and their own loud protestations of loyalty — exposes the persistent pride and creaturely weakness of even regenerate believers. Christ's threefold prayer, his endurance of the cup of divine wrath by imputation, and his gracious invitation to the sleeping disciples ('let us be going') together constitute the ground for the sermon's central exhortation: the ordained means of victory over temptation and spiritual lethargy is watchfulness and prayer, practiced in both private devotion and the corporate worship of God.
The Lord's Prayer in the Garden, Part 1
Matthew 26:36–39 sets the scene of Christ's agony in Gethsemane, and this sermon works through three observations: the setting of the Savior's agony, the sorrow of the Savior, and the supplication of the Savior. The preacher grounds the soul-distress of Christ firmly in His true humanity, engaging the Council of Chalcedon's two-natures Christology and the condemnation of monothelitism to show that Christ's two wills are both affirmed and required by this text. The cup Christ prays to have pass is identified as the cup of divine wrath, which differentiates His anguish from that of any martyr and establishes the necessity of substitutionary atonement. The sermon's primary application is worship and adoration in response to the lengths the incarnate Son went to in order to secure the salvation of His people.
1 Kings 19:8-21
Elijah's journey to Horeb in 1 Kings 19:8–21 is not a story of prophetic cowardice or self-pity, but of a faithful covenant prosecutor bringing a formal lawsuit against Israel for her apostasy before the God of the covenant. The divine theophany at Horeb — wind, earthquake, and fire yielding to a still small voice — teaches that God's redemptive purposes advance not through spectacular display but through the prophetic word, historical providence, and sovereign grace. God's answer to Elijah's complaint is both judgment (through Hazael, Jehu, and Elisha) and mercy (a reserved remnant of seven thousand), affirming that God will always preserve a people for Himself. The call of Elisha that follows illustrates the decisive break from natural relations, familiarity, financial security, and self-advancement that marks genuine response to God's call.
The Faithful Father
Colossians 3:20–21 places two commands at the center of household religion: children are to obey their parents in all things as an act pleasing to the Lord, and fathers are forbidden from provoking their children lest they become discouraged. This exposition traces the negative prohibition of Colossians 3:21 through its Old Testament background in Deuteronomy 21 and its positive counterpart in Ephesians 6:4, examining how unrighteous anger, unbiblical discipline, and passive abdication each provoke children toward despair and rebellion. The fifth commandment functions here both as a mirror to drive children to Christ and as a continuing standard to which the Spirit then empowers obedience. Fathers are called to fear God first, to exercise discipline within an atmosphere of love, and to provide spiritual instruction — in the home and through the church — as their highest earthly stewardship.
The Prediction of Desertion and Denial
Matthew 26:31–35 records three predictions Jesus makes on the night of His betrayal: that all the disciples will desert Him, that Peter in particular will deny Him three times before the rooster crows, and that He will be raised and go before them to Galilee. The passage demonstrates both the sovereignty of Christ, who is not caught unawares but walks toward the cross in accordance with Zechariah 13:7 and the eternal decree of the Father, and the weakness of even the most zealous believers, who prove incapable of standing in their own strength. Peter's brash self-confidence — his flat contradiction of Christ's word and his lofty assessment of himself above his fellow disciples — stands as a warning against pride and self-reliance. The sermon calls believers to kill pride, cultivate dependence upon God, embrace Scripture's honest assessment of indwelling corruption, and rest in the grace of a Savior who, despite foreknowing every act of betrayal, still promises to meet His scattered sheep.
1 Kings 18:41 - 19:8
When Elijah calls for rain after the contest at Carmel, he prays persistently through seven divine silences before a small cloud rises from the sea, demonstrating that God's sovereignty over nature does not remove the necessity of prayer but rather grounds it. The passage then traces Elijah's flight from Jezebel's death threat, and the study mounts a careful exegetical defense of Elijah: his departure is not a crisis of faith or narcissistic self-pity, but the brokenness of a prophet grieved over Israel's covenant unfaithfulness, directed to Horeb by divine prompting, and met there by a God who feeds, rests, and commissions rather than rebukes. God's varied ways of answering prayer — immediately, after extended pleading, or not at all — resist reduction to any formula, and his tender provision for an exhausted prophet reveals a character utterly unlike Baal.
The Truth Concealed and Revealed
Matthew 11:25–30 presents three interlocking realities that together form the foundation of gospel rest: the sovereign will of the Father in concealing and revealing gospel truth, the exclusive mediatorial office of the Son as the only means of access to the Father, and the gracious invitation of Christ to sinners burdened by sin. The sermon argues that a right understanding of divine sovereignty — including both election and reprobation — should produce not polemical pride but the thankfulness and praise modeled by Christ himself in verse 25. Sinners are called to come to Christ by faith alone, receiving rest from the burden of sin, and to take up his yoke in discipleship, which the Savior himself declares easy and light.
The Early Ministry of Elijah
First Kings 17 introduces the prophet Elijah as God's direct answer to the institutionalized Baalism of Ahab's reign, demonstrating through drought, miraculous provision, and resurrection that Yahweh — not Baal — governs rain, life, and death. The chapter unfolds in three movements: the prediction of drought as a covenantal curse and assault on Baal's domain, the provision of the prophet through ravens and a Gentile widow in Baal's own homeland, and the power of God displayed in raising the widow's son. Jesus himself interprets this narrative in Luke 4 as a type of sovereign election and divine judgment — God withdrawing his word from unbelieving Israel while extending grace to a Gentile outsider. The sermon calls hearers to the same faith the widow of Zarephath displayed: staking everything on the veracity of God's word.
Of Sanctification (2LCF 13)
What does it mean to be sanctified, and how does that work itself out in the Christian life? Working from 2LCF Chapter 13 and Ephesians 4:17–24 as a core text, this teaching distinguishes definitive sanctification — the once-for-all, irreversible breach with the dominion of sin that occurs at union with Christ — from the progressive sanctification that follows as the Spirit applies Christ's death and resurrection to the believer's daily conflict with the flesh, the world, and the devil. The confession's three paragraphs frame the exposition: the inception and source of sanctification in Christ's virtue, the imperfect yet real struggle with indwelling sin, and the certain progress of grace toward evangelical obedience. Believers are called to reckon themselves dead to sin, take up the means of grace daily, and press on toward holiness as those who are already God's special possession.
Paul in Athens
Acts 17:16–21 presents the Apostle Paul's arrival in Athens, where he encounters a city so consumed by idolatry that ancient sources estimated some 30,000 deities. The sermon examines two subjects: the preacher and the people. Paul's spirit is provoked to a wholesome, righteous indignation — not a curmudgeonly repulsion — rooted in zeal for the glory of the one true God, the demands of His law (particularly the first and second commandments), and a knowledge of the deliverance the gospel brings to souls in bondage. His response to that provocation is immediate proclamation of Christ in the synagogues and the marketplace, even before a hostile audience of Epicurean and Stoic philosophers who insult him as a babbler and misunderstand the resurrection as a second deity alongside Jesus.
The Nature of Saving Faith, 2
James 2:18–26 presents an apparent conflict with Paul's doctrine of justification by faith alone, a tension that has troubled interpreters from Martin Luther onward. This sermon resolves the tension exegetically by demonstrating that James and Paul use the word 'justification' in different senses: Paul addresses the sinner's standing before God by grace alone through faith alone, while James addresses the public demonstration and evidential confirmation of that faith before men. The controlling principle throughout is that saving faith is never alone — it is ever accompanied with all other saving graces and necessarily produces good works — while a faith that produces no works is the dead, demonic, counterfeit profession James condemns. The sermon calls hearers to examine whether their profession of faith in Christ is accompanied by the fruit that distinguishes genuine saving faith from empty confessionalism.
The Nature of Saving Faith, Part 1
James 2:14–17 has provoked sharp disagreement in the history of the church, with readers perceiving a direct contradiction between James and Paul on the doctrine of justification. This sermon works through five hermeneutical tools for harmonizing the two apostles — the unity of Scripture, the internal consistency of James's own doctrine of salvation, the immediate context, the different audiences and purposes of each writer, and the statement of 1689 LBCF 11.2 — before turning to the question James poses in verses 14–17 concerning the validity of a particular species of faith. The central distinction is not faith versus works or faith plus works, but false faith versus true faith: genuine saving faith is never alone in the person justified, but is always accompanied with all other saving graces, producing the practical Christianity James demands.
1 Kings 17
1 Kings 17 introduces Elijah the Tishbite as God's appointed answer to the apostasy of Ahab's Israel, where Baalism had displaced the worship of Yahweh. The chapter unfolds in three movements: the drought announced as covenantal judgment, the miraculous provision of the prophet through unclean ravens and a Gentile widow in the very heartland of Baal worship, and the resurrection of the widow's son as the definitive demonstration of Yahweh's sovereignty over life and death. Throughout, the chapter functions as theological preparation for the confrontation at Carmel in chapter 18, while pointing typologically forward to the ministry of Christ, who similarly extended grace to Gentiles and preached sovereign election to a generation that rejected him.
The King's Wedding
Psalm 45 is a royal wedding psalm that the New Testament applies directly to Christ, identifying the king as God incarnate whose throne is forever. This sermon works through four movements: the psalmist's overflowing intention, the glory and divine-human person of the king, the call for the bride to forsake all competing allegiances, and the declaration of the king's everlasting dominion. The congregation is pressed to enter the Lord's Supper — and every Lord's Day gathering — with the gladness and rejoicing that befits a bride coming into the presence of the one who is fairer than the sons of men.
The Prohibition Against Partiality, 2
James 2:5–13 grounds the prohibition against partiality in three interlocking arguments: a soteriological argument from God's sovereign election of the poor, a practical argument from the church's inconsistency in tolerating the very oppression it suffers, and a theological (decalogical) argument from the indivisibility of God's royal law. The sermon insists that partiality is not a minor social failing but a violation of the whole Decalogue, a rejection of the lawgiver himself, and a possible evidence of a heart still a stranger to sovereign grace. Because God has chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom, his people must receive and honor those whom he has loved, letting the law of liberty — not license — regulate their conduct toward one another.
The Institution of the Lord's Supper
Matthew 26:26–30 records Christ instituting the Lord's Supper in the context of the Passover meal, and this sermon expounds the theological significance of that institution under three headings: the setting, the institution itself, and its conclusion. The bread and cup are shown to be covenantal signs rather than instances of transubstantiation or consubstantiation — the elements represent Christ's body and blood without any change of substance. The covenantal background of Exodus 24 and Jeremiah 31:31–34 illuminates the cup as the blood of the new covenant, fulfilled by Christ as the true Israel who accomplished what national Israel swore but failed to do at Sinai. Believers are called to receive the supper as God's gift of spiritual nourishment and to trust not in their own performance but in the blood and righteousness of Christ alone.
1 Kings 15:25–16:7
How does a sovereign God relate to the sinful actions of wicked men? Expounding 1 Kings 15:25–16:7, this study traces the reigns of Nadab and Baasha, kings of the northern kingdom of Israel, demonstrating that God employs even regicide and political treachery to fulfill prophetic word while holding the perpetrators fully culpable for their sin. The structural instability of the north — in stark contrast to the covenantal preservation of Judah — illustrates that God measures rulers not by political or military achievement but by obedience to His revealed law. The doctrine of divine providence that emerges calls believers to neither deny God's sovereignty nor abuse it as license for sin, but to find comfort in the certainty that no evil escapes either God's governance or His just judgment.
The Passover with the Disciples
Matthew 26:17–25 presents Jesus as the sovereign master of the Passover, not a hapless victim of events spiraling beyond his control. Working through the preparation for Passover and the announcement of betrayal, this exposition shows how Christ's active obedience to the law, his precise foreknowledge, and his willing submission to the Father's eternal decree together constitute the ground of redemption for his people. The contrast between Judas, whose hardened heart renders him a reprobate despite extraordinary privilege, and the eleven, whose sorrowful self-examination models the disposition of genuine faith, drives home two applications: trust in Christ alone, by grace through faith, for justification; and cultivate a healthy self-suspicion rather than a confident presumption of one's own standing before God.
1 Kings 14:21 - 15:24
The books of Kings and Chronicles present the reigns of Rehoboam, Abijam, and Asa in the southern kingdom not as mere political history but as theological testimony to the universal depravity of the covenant people and the sovereign faithfulness of God to the Davidic covenant. Both north and south are shown to have plunged into idolatry and its attendant wickedness, echoing the progression Paul traces in Romans 1 from the exchange of God's glory for idols to moral collapse and divine judgment. Asa stands as a partial exception — a reformer compared favorably to David — yet his reliance on Syrian military alliance rather than on Yahweh exposes the persistent weakness of even the best of David's sons. The passage ultimately directs the reader to David's greater Son, in whom the lamp promised to Jerusalem is eternally secured.