Cited in sermons
Charles Spurgeon
571 sermons · All people cited
Past, Present, and Future at the Lord's Supper
The Lord's Supper operates across three tenses simultaneously: it is a memorial ordinance calling believers to remember Christ's humiliation, substitutionary suffering, and death as prophesied in Isaiah 53; it is a present means of grace conferring real spiritual communion with the exalted Christ by the Spirit, not merely a conscious recollection; and it is an eschatological anticipation, pointing the church toward the consummation when the ordinance itself will give way to the marriage supper of the Lamb. Against both Roman Catholic transubstantiation and a bare memorialist view, the sermon argues from 1 Corinthians 10–11 that the bread and wine remain unchanged in substance while serving as conduits by which the risen Lord nourishes and confirms the faith of His gathered people.
2LCF Chapter 8 - Of Christ the Mediator, Part 2
The deity and humanity of Jesus Christ, as confessed in 2LCF Chapter 8 paragraphs 1–3, stand as the twin foundations of orthodox Christology. This session from a series on the 1689 London Baptist Confession works through what the confession affirms — and what it denies — regarding both natures of the one Mediator, showing how its language recapitulates the early church's creedal formulations. The study demonstrates the deity of Christ from his self-identification as the divine 'I Am,' his equality with the Father, explicit New Testament declarations, Old Testament Yahweh texts applied to him in the New Testament, and divine prerogatives predicated of him. The humanity of Christ is then established from the birth narratives, apostolic declaration, and Christ's own evidential self-disclosure, preparing the ground for a subsequent session on the incarnation proper.
The Call of Samuel the Prophet
The call of Samuel in 1 Samuel 3 marks a decisive turning point in redemptive history — the transition from the era of the judges to the era of the monarchy, with Samuel functioning as God's appointed prophet and king-maker. The chapter opens with a judgment: the word of the Lord was rare in Israel, a condition the sermon argues is never accidental but always the fruit of covenant unfaithfulness, as God withdraws the lamp of His word from a people who have despised it. The Eli narrative exposes the consequences of passive, toothless pastoral authority, while Samuel's emergence illustrates the mercy of God who meets the absence of His word with a new voice. The sermon closes by pressing the abundance of available Scripture upon contemporary hearers as an undeserved grace, calling both believers and unbelievers to be where the Bible is preached and to receive Christ's imputed righteousness by faith alone.
The Coming of the Kingdom
Matthew 16:28 records Jesus' promise that some standing with him would not taste death before seeing the Son of Man coming in his kingdom — a promise whose referent has generated significant interpretive disagreement. This sermon argues exegetically and theologically that the event in view is the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70, presenting seven lines of evidence: the contextual sense of 'some,' parallel passages in Matthew, other New Testament texts, the connection to Christ's resurrection and ascension, Old Testament covenantal prophecy (especially Deuteronomy 28 and Daniel 9), the theological commentary of Hebrews 8, and the principle that judgment is itself a sign of the kingdom's arrival. The destruction of AD 70 is presented not as a relic of ancient history but as a covenantal and typological event that vindicates Christ's kingship, foreshadows the final judgment, and calls every hearer to take refuge in the Lamb before the great day of his wrath.
The Objection to the Divine Plan
Peter's rebuke of Christ in Matthew 16:22 is not merely a disciple's well-intentioned blunder — it is an alignment with the adversarial agenda that Jesus had already confronted in the wilderness temptation of Matthew 4. This sermon expounds the divine necessity of Christ's suffering and death as grounded in the eternal Covenant of Redemption, and presses the point that to object to a suffering Messiah is to object to the only ground of sinners' salvation. The response to Peter — 'Get behind me, Satan' — exposes the disease-at-the-heart nature of any theology that removes the cross from Christianity's center, and the sermon closes by pressing listeners either to embrace the crucified Christ or to reckon with the inescapable judgment of that same Christ.
The Place of Good Works
Ephesians 2:10 establishes that good works occupy a precise and necessary place in the Christian life — not as a condition of salvation, but as its inevitable consequence. This sermon traces the Reformed doctrine of justification by faith alone through Paul's letters to the Romans and the Galatians, exposing the Roman Catholic error of collapsing justification and sanctification into a faith-plus-works scheme and demonstrating why any such admixture invalidates grace entirely. Drawing on the Westminster Shorter Catechism, the 1689 Confession, and writers from Machen to Gill, the sermon argues that the predestinating grace of God not only secures the salvation of the elect but also sets them on a course of holy living. Believers are exhorted to neither hide behind sola fide as a license for indolence nor to mistake moral performance for the ground of their acceptance before God.
The Authority of the Church
Christ's declaration in Matthew 16:19–20 invests the church with delegated authority — expressed through the metaphor of keys — to bind and to loose in the kingdom of heaven. This authority is not absolute and belongs to no single officer; it is entrusted to the church as a whole to be exercised through the faithful preaching of the gospel and the discipline of the membership. The sermon works through three observations: identifying the stewards of this authority, the nature of the authority delegated, and the specific functions of binding and loosing. The congregation is called to prize Christ's church, exercise her God-given authority through the Word alone, and testify freely that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God.
Pentecostal Preaching, Part 2
Peter's sermon in Acts 2:22–36 does not rest on myth or legend but on the verified historical reality of Christ's resurrection, attested by the firsthand eyewitness accounts of the apostles and a company of more than five hundred. From that established historical fulfillment, the sermon draws three weighty Christological implications: Christ has been exalted to the right hand of God, He has poured out the Holy Spirit upon His church, and He has been made both Lord and Christ — with authority to crush His enemies and to save all who call upon His name. Hearers are urged to receive the gospel's certainty with the highest confidence and to find in the risen, reigning Christ a champion to whom no earthly rival compares.
The Establishment of the Church
Matthew 16:18 is, as one commentator notes, the most discussed verse in the most discussed paragraph of Matthew's Gospel — and its controversies are anything but settled. This sermon works through four aspects of Christ's declaration concerning His church: its definition as the catholic or universal assembly of the elect, its foundation in the confession that Jesus is the Christ, its triumph over the gates of Hades, and its builder, who is Christ alone and not any man or institution. The Roman Catholic claim that Peter's person is the rock undergirding a papal succession is examined and rejected on exegetical, historical, and biblical-theological grounds, while the legitimate priority of the apostles in the church's foundation is carefully maintained. Believers are called to hold together the church's certain triumph with the reality of persecution, guarding the deposit committed to them and confessing Christ as Lord.
The Corporate Conduct of the Believer
Colossians 3:12–17 calls the church not merely to private piety but to a corporate conduct befitting those who are elect, holy, and beloved in Christ. This sermon works through the character of the new man — tender mercies, kindness, humility, meekness, long-suffering, and above all love — before turning to the three governing realities of the gathered church: the peace of Christ, the word of Christ, and the name of Christ. The peace that rules in the assembly flows from the prior vertical peace established in justification; the word of Christ must saturate the heart both in public preaching and private study; and every word and deed is to be done in concert with the nature and character of the Lord Jesus. The cumulative application is that sovereign grace is not the enemy of ethical seriousness but its very foundation and motive.
The Identity of the Son of Man
Matthew 16:13–17 confronts every hearer with the most consequential question ever asked: who is the Son of Man? Working through Christ's question to the disciples, Peter's confession, and the beatitude Jesus pronounces over him, this exposition demonstrates that the title 'Son of Man' points not primarily to Christ's humanity but to Daniel's cosmic ruler given an everlasting dominion, and that Peter's identification of Jesus as 'the Christ, the Son of the living God' is the climax of Matthew's Galilean narrative. The sermon argues that this confession is not the product of human wisdom or religious sensitivity but of the Father's sovereign, gracious act of revelation — and that those who receive it are called to live and die in accordance with it.
The Unholy Alliance Seeks a Sign
Matthew 16:1–4 records a politically improbable coalition — the theologically opposed Pharisees and Sadducees — uniting in their demand that Jesus produce a sign from heaven. The sermon traces three features of this encounter: the nature of their demand, the hypocrisy Jesus exposes in their selective discernment, and the gravity of his description of their generation as wicked and adulterous. Jesus refuses to satisfy carnal curiosity or submit to carnal scrutiny, responding instead with the sign of the prophet Jonah — the death and resurrection of the Son of Man — the very gospel that calls every hearer to repent and flee to Christ rather than bargain with God.
Divine Simplicity 2 - Of God and the Holy Trinity (2LCF 2.1-3)
What does it mean to say God is 'without parts,' and why does it matter for every other divine attribute? This second session on divine simplicity (2LCF 2.1–3) continues an expository study of the Second London Baptist Confession's opening chapter on God, working through the classical doctrine that God is not composed of physical, metaphysical, or logical parts — a doctrine historically attested from the church fathers through the Reformation and represented in every major Reformed confession. The session focuses especially on God's pure actuality (the denial of act-and-potency composition), the inseparability of God as knower, knowing, and things known, and the impossibility of God being both agent and patient — showing that divine simplicity is the ontological foundation for God's immutability, independence, absoluteness, unity, and infinite love.
The Lord's Prayer, Part 6
What does it mean for a justified believer to pray 'forgive us our debts'? This study of Matthew 6:12 distinguishes between forensic justification — God's once-for-all judicial declaration of pardon — and the ongoing filial forgiveness a child of God seeks from his Father so that he may know the smile and nearness of God in daily life. Six reasons are given for why believers must continually pray this petition: remaining corruption, desire for God's fatherly favor, consciousness of the evil of sin, trust in divine mercy, renunciation of self-righteousness, and acknowledgment of Christ's sufficiency. The study closes by examining the expansion of the petition in verses 14–15, showing that a forgiving spirit toward others is not the cause but the necessary sign and fruit of having been forgiven by God through justifying grace.
Divine Simplicity - Of God and the Holy Trinity (2LCF 2.1-3)
Divine simplicity — the classical doctrine that God has no parts, no composition whatsoever, and that all that is in God is God — is examined through its confessional, definitional, historical, and doctrinal dimensions. The 1689 London Baptist Confession's phrase 'without body, parts, or passions' serves as the entry point, with 'without parts' identified as the direct expression of divine simplicity. The doctrine is shown to be the ontological foundation for God's aseity, infinity, immutability, and the unity of his attributes, and is traced through an unbroken stream of witnesses from Irenaeus and Augustine through Aquinas, the Reformers, and the Reformed scholastics. Hearers are pressed to resist any conception of God as a composite being whose attributes are properties inhering in a subject, and to affirm instead that God is identical with his own essence, being, and every perfection predicated of him.
Samson's Victory at Gaza
Judges 16 presents Samson not as a man driven by fleshly passion but as a Spirit-empowered covenant agent executing divine judgment against Israel's Philistine oppressors. Careful attention to the narrative parallels between Judges 16 and Joshua 2 challenges the assumption that Samson sinned with the harlot at Gaza, revealing instead a strategic military mission consistent with God's call on his life from the womb. Though Samson's capitulation to Delilah's manipulation brings catastrophic consequences, the grace of God is displayed precisely in the nadir of Samson's failure, as God hears his prayer and grants him a victory in death greater than any he achieved in life — a pattern that points forward to Christ, who was delivered up by his own people and accomplished more in his death than in his earthly ministry.
The Prayer of the Early Church, Part 1
Acts 4:24–28 records the early church's response to persecution: a corporate prayer that grounds confidence not in circumstances but in the character of God. The sermon traces three foundations of the congregation's confidence — God as sovereign creator, God as sovereign revelator (particularly through Psalm 2), and God as sovereign predeterminer and governor of all things — showing that the church's unity is a gospel-defined unity, not a generic sociological bond. The exposition presses these truths against fleshly anxiety, open theism, and the therapeutic impulse to find comfort in a God who co-suffers, calling the congregation to bring their petitions to the immutable, impassible God who has decreed all things and governs them for the good of his people.
Of God and the Holy Trinity (2LCF 2.1-3)
The doctrine of the Trinity — one divine and infinite being in whom there are three subsistences, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit — is not a speculative ivory-tower abstraction but the foundation of all Christian communion with God and comfortable dependence upon him. This session in the study of 2LCF Chapter 2 continues the examination of paragraph three, working through the personal distinctions of generation, filiation, and spiration; the confession's summary statement on unity and personal distinction; and the practical import of Trinitarian theology for prayer, worship, redemption, and assurance. Biblical proofs are drawn from Genesis, the Psalms, Isaiah, and the New Testament, demonstrating the revelatory development of the doctrine from its seed form in the Old Testament to its full flower in the New.
Of God and the Holy Trinity (2LCF 2.3)
What does it mean to confess that God is one being subsisting in three persons — Father, Son, and Holy Spirit? This study of 2nd London Baptist Confession of Faith chapter 2, paragraph 3 works through the classical Trinitarian formulation upheld by the particular Baptists, tracing its foundations in Scripture, its continuity with the ecumenical creeds, and the Baptist Confession's terminological improvement of 'subsistences' over 'persons.' The exposition addresses the unity and equality of the three subsistences, the personal distinctions expressed by eternal generation and procession, and the practical necessity of robust Trinitarian confession in an age of continuing anti-Trinitarian error.
The Lord's Prayer, Part 2
How does the first petition of the Lord's Prayer — 'hallowed be your name' — actually shape the daily life of a believer, a family, a church, and a missionary enterprise? This Bible study on Matthew 6:9 works through the meaning of God's name (his essence, attributes, titles, and word), explains what the petition is actually asking (not that God become holy, but that his existing holiness be recognized and exalted), and applies it in four concentric spheres: personal discipleship, household religion, corporate worship, and global missions. The study draws on the Westminster Larger Catechism, Calvin, Spurgeon, Thomas Watson, and John Owen to show that praying 'hallowed be thy name' commits the petitioner to a life of knowing, professing, depending on, esteeming, and actively promoting that name.
The Divine Refuge
Psalm 46 proclaims God as the divine refuge of His covenant people in the midst of cosmic upheaval, national crisis, and personal trial. The sermon works through the psalm's four movements: the declaration of God's presence, the contrast between earthly chaos and divine stability, the invitation to behold God's redemptive works in Scripture, and the command to be still in God's sovereignty. The central comfort is covenantal: because Yahweh, the Lord of hosts, has bound Himself to His people in the covenant of grace, no trial, calamity, or fear can unseat Him from His throne or separate His people from His care. Believers are called to meet their sorrows not with fretting but with a deepening knowledge of God, which is itself the appointed means of comfort and strength.
Do this in Remembrance of Me
The command of Christ to 'do this in remembrance of me' (1 Corinthians 11:24–25) grounds the Lord's Supper as an act of joyful obedience, not arbitrary religious imposition. Working through Paul's corrective to the Corinthians, the sermon examines three dimensions of the ordinance: its divine authority as a positive institution of Christ, its character as a memorial of the once-for-all sacrifice at Calvary in direct contradiction to the Roman Catholic Mass, and its Christ-centeredness as an extrospective gaze upon the perfections of the Redeemer rather than an introspective audit of the self. Christians are called to cultivate the habit of historical retrospect — remembering the full scope of Christ's messianic work — and warned that forgetfulness of the Savior is a perennial danger that the Lord's Supper is designed by God to remedy.
The Lord's Prayer, Part 1
The preface to the Lord's Prayer — 'Our Father in heaven' — calls the believer to ground every act of prayer in sound theology proper before a single petition is offered. Against both the hypocrite's ostentation and the heathen's vain repetition, the Lord Jesus provides a model that is at once personal and majestic: the One addressed is Father by adoption through the redemptive work of Christ, and He is in heaven, sovereign over all creation. This study traces six qualities of 'Our Father' — that He is personal, gracious, hearing, caring, loving, and the exclusive object of prayer — before turning to 'in heaven' as the warrant for approaching God with both filial confidence and reverential awe.
The Final Days of Gideon
Judges 8 traces the final days of Gideon — his diplomatic handling of Ephraim, his military justice against the treacherous Israelite towns of Sukkoth and Penuel, his defeat of the Midianite kings, and his dismal decline into quasi-monarchical idolatry. The sermon exposes the danger of elevating any human deliverer to a role that belongs to Christ alone, and warns that success and the praise of men are among the most potent instruments of a servant's ruin. Israel's immediate return to Baal-worship upon Gideon's death illustrates both the necessity of personal accountability before God and the inadequacy of every judge to do what only Jesus Christ can: break the reigning power of sin and secure an everlasting peace for his people. The call is to pursue the way of escape from idolatry, to prize the means of grace, and to resolve to end well — as Paul did, not as Gideon did.
Gideon's Victory Over the Midianites
Judges 7 records God's reduction of Gideon's army from 32,000 to 300 men before routing the Midianites — not because Israel marshalled superior strength, but precisely so that no Israelite could claim the glory of victory. This sermon traces four movements in the narrative: the assembling of enemies and the Spirit's coming upon Gideon, the divinely-ordered troop reduction, God's patient encouragement of a fearful Gideon through a pagan soldier's dream, and the midnight rout of Midian. The controlling thesis is that God perfects His strength through human weakness so that glory belongs to Him alone, a principle the sermon applies to the church's ongoing mission and to the gospel call addressed directly to unbelievers in the congregation.
The Ministry in Gentile Territory
Matthew 15:29–39 records Jesus healing and feeding great multitudes in Gentile territory, and this expository sermon argues that these twin miracles are not accidental repetitions of Matthew 14 but a deliberate theological demonstration: the covenant promises given to Abraham—that all nations would be blessed in him—are being fulfilled in Christ's ministry beyond Israel's borders. The Gentiles who cast their sick at Jesus' feet and glorified the God of Israel embody the faith the religious leaders of Israel refused. The sermon applies this to the unconverted by pressing the urgency of spiritual need over physical need, and to believers by calling them to renewed wonder at Christ's sovereignty, compassion, and sufficient provision.
The Faith of the Canaanite Woman
A Canaanite woman — an ancestral enemy of Israel — confronts Israel's Messiah in Gentile territory and refuses to accept silence, rebuff, or unfavorable parable as the final word. This exposition of Matthew 15:21–28 traces her persistent petitioning through two encounters with Christ, showing that great need demands great earnestness and that true faith worships even when heaven appears silent. The sermon draws out three lessons: the triumph of faith expressed through dependence, humility, and persistence in prayer; the Christological display of Christ's mercy and sovereign power over demons; and the benefit of affliction, which drove a pagan mother to the Son of David and teaches parents to pray without ceasing for children under the power of sin and Satan.
The Confrontation Concerning Authority
Matthew 15:1–9 records a formal confrontation between the Jerusalem scribes and Pharisees and the Lord Jesus Christ over the authority by which men govern their religious lives. The real dispute is not hand-washing but the foundational question of whether the tradition of the elders or the commandment of God holds supreme authority. Christ exposes Pharisaic religion as simultaneously legalistic and antinomian — binding consciences with human inventions while providing loopholes to evade the fifth commandment — and confirms this indictment by citing Isaiah's prophecy against lip-service worship. The sermon calls hearers to examine their own Pharisaic tendencies, to subject every tradition to the Word of God, and to rest in Christ who alone delivers sinners from both legalism and lawlessness.
The Healing of the Sick at Gennesaret
Matthew 14:34–36 records the healing of the sick at Gennesaret, a summary passage that Matthew uses to display the sovereign power and compassionate mercy of the Son of God. The passage demonstrates a progression from lesser to greater: Christ's mastery over food, storms, and physical illness points to His supreme authority to forgive sin and heal the spiritually dead. The fitting response to recognising who Jesus is — as modelled by the men of Gennesaret — is to come to Him in faith, to bring others to Him, and to rest in the justifying righteousness that is imputed to the sinner through faith alone in Christ alone.
The True Son of God
Matthew 14:21–33 culminates not in the stilling of the storm but in the disciples' confession, 'Truly, You are the Son of God' — a declaration that is the goal of Matthew's entire Gospel narrative. The passage demonstrates that Jesus acts with the prerogatives of Yahweh alone: walking on the sea, commanding the wind, and rescuing His people in ways the Old Testament attributes exclusively to God. Running alongside this high Christology are clear lessons on discipleship: Christ prays in solitude, His people are not exempt from trial, and little faith — however weak — is not the same as no faith, for it is the Savior who saves, not the strength of the believer's grip. Hearers are called to be of good cheer and to cast fear aside because the 'I Am' of Exodus and Isaiah is present with them in every storm.